Development and Testing of Tropical Cyclone Parametric Wind Models Tailored for Midlatitude Application—Preliminary Results

MacAfee, Allan W.; Pearson, Garry

doi:10.1175/jam2407.1

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Various improvements have been made in recent years, including the addition of stepped-frequency microwave radiometer data in the analysis (Mark Powell 2007, personal communication). The H*Wind dataset is considered by hurricane experts to be the best available source of over-ocean wind field information (David Nolan and Jeff Kepert, 2008, personal communication) and has been used in previous modelling work on hurricane windfields (Macafee and Pearson, 2006). For the above reasons, we use the H*Wind data as the validation dataset in this work.…”

Section: Data and Comparison Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The steady pressure gradient is used to drive momentum equations, which can be used to obtain a model for the wind. Following previous work (Kepert, 2001;Macafee and Pearson, 2006), we prescribe a radially symmetric pressure gradient using partial derivatives of a Holland profile (Holland, 1980), given by p(r) = p c + (p n − p c )e…”

Section: Models Testedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quite intentionally, a full 3D numerical weather prediction model such as the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is missing from this list, as it is not (at present) directly suited to the scientific application we have in mind. Our work differs from MacAfee and Pearson (2006) in that we focus purely on physically based models, and also examine how to model uncertainty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the modelling of over‐ocean hurricane surface winds and their uncertainty

Khare

Bonazzi

West

et al. 2009

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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This paper investigates the modelling of over-ocean hurricane surface wind fields and their associated uncertainty. The wind models tested include parameterized balance models, a two-dimensional numerical planetary boundary-layer model and a three-dimensional (3D) linear analytical boundary-layer model. Using a set of archived over-ocean surface wind field reconstructions for validation, a series of cross-validation experiments has been performed for a range of norms. For norms that quantify predictability of vector fields, a particular configuration of the 3D analytical model was found to be superior to the other models tested. Using residual fields derived from fitting the wind models to the validation data, the issue of how to model the uncertainty (in the form of a covariance) in the speed field has also been examined. Covariance models based on truncated empirical orthogonal function representations were found to be optimal.

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Section: Data and Comparison Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Models Testedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the modelling of over‐ocean hurricane surface winds and their uncertainty

Khare

Bonazzi

West

et al. 2009

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…Many parametric typhoon models have been developed to provide meteorological information for storm surge or storm wave modeling [41][42][43][44][45][46]. Since the authors of [47] found that the analytical models provided very similar results, the parametric typhoon model proposed in [43] was employed:…”

Section: Model Forcingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard Assessment of Typhoon-Driven Storm Waves in the Nearshore Waters of Taiwan

Chang

Shih

Chen

et al. 2018

Water

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Abstract:In Taiwan, the coastal hazard from typhoon-induced storm waves poses a greater threat to human life and infrastructure than storm surges. Therefore, there has been increased interest in assessing the storm wave hazard levels for the nearshore waters of Taiwan. This study hindcasted the significant wave heights (SWHs) of 124 historical typhoon events from 1978 to 2017 using a fully coupled model and hybrid wind fields (a combination of the parametric typhoon model and reanalysis products). The maximum SWHs of each typhoon category were extracted to create individual storm wave hazard maps for the sea areas of the coastal zones (SACZs) in Taiwan. Each map was classified into five hazard levels (I to V) and used to generate a comprehensive storm wave hazard map. The results demonstrate that the northern and eastern nearshore waters of Taiwan are threatened by a hazard level IV (SWHs ranging from 9.0 to 12.0 m) over a SACZ of 510.0 km 2 and a hazard level V (SWHs exceeding 12.0 m) over a SACZ of 2152.3 km 2 . The SACZs threatened by hazard levels I (SWHs less than 3.0 m), II (SWHs ranging from 3.0 to 6.0 m), and III (SWHs ranging from 6.0-9.0 m) are of 1045.2 km 2 , 1793.9 km 2 , and 616.1 km 2 , respectively, and are located in the western waters of Taiwan.

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“…A common way to generate wind and air pressure fields for typhoons is to reconstruct them using the analytical parametric cyclone model. Over the years, many parametric cyclone models have been developed to provide meteorological information for storm surge modeling [43][44][45][46][47][48]. Jakobsen and Madsen [49] investigated and compared parametric cyclone models based on cyclone position, central pressure, maximum wind speed and radius to maximum wind speed.…”

Section: Parametric Cyclone Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Typhoon-Induced Storm Tides and Wind Waves for the Northeastern Coast of Taiwan Using a Tide–Surge–Wave Coupled Model

Chen

Lin

Jang

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:The storm tide is a combination of the astronomical tide and storm surge, which is the actual sea water level leading to flooding in low-lying coastal areas. A full coupled modeling system (Semi-implicit Eulerian-Lagrangian Finite-Element model coupled with Wind Wave Model II, SELFE-WWM-II) for simulating the interaction of tide, surge and waves based on an unstructured grid is applied to simulate the storm tide and wind waves for the northeastern coast of Taiwan. The coupled model was driven by the astronomical tide and consisted of main eight tidal constituents and the meteorological forcings (air pressure and wind stress) of typhoons. SELFE computes the depth-averaged current and water surface elevation passed to WWM-II, while WWM-II passes the radiation stress to SELFE by solving the wave action equation. Hindcasts of wind waves and storm tides for five typhoon events were developed to validate the coupled model. The detailed comparisons generally show good agreement between the simulations and measurements. The contributions of surge induced by wave and meteorological forcings to the storm tide were investigated for Typhoon Soudelor (2015) at three tide gauge stations. The results reveal that the surge contributed by wave radiation stress was 0.55 m at Suao Port due to the giant offshore wind wave (exceeding 16.0 m) caused by Typhoon Soudelor (2015) and the steep sea-bottom slope. The air pressure resulted in a 0.6 m surge at Hualien Port because of an inverted barometer effect. The wind stress effect was only slightly significant at Keelung Port, contributing 0.22 m to the storm tide. We conclude that wind waves should not be neglected when modeling typhoon-induced storm tides, especially in regions with steep sea-bottom slopes. In addition, accurate tidal and meteorological forces are also required for storm tide modeling.

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Development and Testing of Tropical Cyclone Parametric Wind Models Tailored for Midlatitude Application—Preliminary Results

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

On the modelling of over‐ocean hurricane surface winds and their uncertainty

On the modelling of over‐ocean hurricane surface winds and their uncertainty

Hazard Assessment of Typhoon-Driven Storm Waves in the Nearshore Waters of Taiwan

Simulation of Typhoon-Induced Storm Tides and Wind Waves for the Northeastern Coast of Taiwan Using a Tide–Surge–Wave Coupled Model

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