Development and testing of an advanced cryogenic thermal switch and cryogenic thermal switch test bed

Marland, B.; Bugby, D.; Stouffer, C.

doi:10.1016/j.cryogenics.2004.03.014

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Innovative geometries and composite systems have been developed to address these problems. Guo et al 104 reported that the thermal expansion of a flexible rod bringing metal pieces into contact at room temperature yield switching ratios r ¼ 400, and Marland et al 105 reported r > 1000 at T ¼ 230 K using high CTE polymers to open and close a 100 l m gap between metal pieces.…”

Section: Contact Thermal Switches and Regulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal diodes, regulators, and switches: Physical mechanisms and potential applications

Wehmeyer

Yabuki

Monachon

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Reviews

362

261

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Interest in new thermal diodes, regulators, and switches has been rapidly growing because these components have the potential for rich transport phenomena that cannot be achieved using traditional thermal resistors and capacitors. Each of these thermal components has a signature functionality: Thermal diodes can rectify heat currents, thermal regulators can maintain a desired temperature, and thermal switches can actively control the heat transfer. Here, we review the fundamental physical mechanisms of switchable and nonlinear heat transfer which have been harnessed to make thermal diodes, switches, and regulators. The review focuses on experimental demonstrations, mainly near room temperature, and spans the fields of heat conduction, convection, and radiation. We emphasize the changes in thermal properties across phase transitions and thermal switching using electric and magnetic fields. After surveying fundamental mechanisms, we present various nonlinear and active thermal circuits that are based on analogies with well-known electrical circuits, and analyze potential applications in solid-state refrigeration and waste heat scavenging.

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Section: Contact Thermal Switches and Regulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal diodes, regulators, and switches: Physical mechanisms and potential applications

Wehmeyer

Yabuki

Monachon

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Reviews

362

261

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…where ∆ is the actuation temperature. However, because thermal expansion is a weak effect (DTE ~10 /°C), a long thermal regulator body (t~10cm) is required to close even a small gap of around 0.1 mm [18,29,30]. The cost, weight (80-320 gram for a device of 5-6 cm diameter [18,30]), and precision requirements of this thermal regulator outweigh the benefits for mainstream (terrestrial, near room temperature) applications, such as automobiles, drones, and portable electronics.…”

Section: Thermal Regulator Design and Operating Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient thermal management of Li-ion batteries with a passive interfacial thermal regulator based on a shape memory alloy

et al. 2018

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The poor performance of lithium ion batteries in extreme temperatures is hindering their wider adoption in the energy sector. A fundamental challenge in battery thermal management systems (BTMS) is that hot and cold environments pose opposite requirements: thermal transmission at high temperature for battery cooling, and thermal isolation at low temperature to retain the batteries' internally generated heat, leading to inevitable compromise of either hot or cold performances. Here, we demonstrate a thermal regulator that adjusts its thermal conductance as a function of the temperature, just as desired for the BTMS. Without any external logic control, this new thermal regulator increases battery capacity by a factor of three at T ambient of-20°C in comparison to a baseline BTMS that is always thermally conducting, while also limiting the battery temperature rise to 5°C in very hot environment (T ambient = 45°C) to ensure safety. The result expands the usability of lithium ion batteries in extreme environments and opens up new applications of thermally functional devices.

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“…A similar heat switch has been recently described that also operates on the principle of differential thermal expansion [4]. The primary application of that switch would be to reduce unwanted parasitic loads into an off-state redundant cryocooler.…”

Section: Thermal Model Schematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Model for a Mars Instrument with Thermo-electric Cooled Focal Plane

Ladner¹,

Martin²

2006

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Two thermal models have been developed for a low mass (1.5 kg) Mars rover arm candidate instrument that employs a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) to cool a CCD focal plane. The Mineral Identification and Composition Analyzer (MICA) is a miniature instrument that employs X-ray scattering and visual imaging to determine nondestructively the mineralogy of a rock sample in-situ. Both thermal models incorporate the key components of MICA's CCD subsystem -CCD, heat sink, and lower radiator. The System Model includes the instrument's internal heat sources, including electronics, X-ray source, TEC dissipation, and the extreme diurnal temperature excursions of the ambient Martian atmosphere (-175 K to 255 K) and sky (-130 K to 200 K), convection (wind), and solar / IR radiation. The CCD Subsystem Model includes a passive thermal switch that provides heat sink cool-down by night and isolation by day. With or without the heat switch, TEC operation provides extended life for data collection at the upper end of the CCD operating range, ~ 208 K. Model parameter variation allows the instrument designer to optimize thermal capacities, thermal resistances, and internal heater power to hold critical electronics and mechanical components within their temperature operating limits. The charting feature of either model provides mechanical design guidance to ensure acceptable conditions for data collection over the experiment timeline.

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Development and testing of an advanced cryogenic thermal switch and cryogenic thermal switch test bed

Cited by 29 publications

References 3 publications

Thermal diodes, regulators, and switches: Physical mechanisms and potential applications

Thermal diodes, regulators, and switches: Physical mechanisms and potential applications

Efficient thermal management of Li-ion batteries with a passive interfacial thermal regulator based on a shape memory alloy

Thermal Model for a Mars Instrument with Thermo-electric Cooled Focal Plane

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