Development and testing of a rapid, sensitive ATP assay to detect living organisms in ballast water

Slooten, Cees van; Wijers, Tom; Buma, Anita G. J.; Peperzak, L.

doi:10.1007/s10811-014-0518-9

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…According to the BWMC-Guideline 8, the evaluation of the treatment efficacy is based on the determination of living organisms by widely accepted standard methods (Gollasch et al 2012;Cullen and MacIntyre 2016), such as vital fluorescence stains detected using flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy, ATP content, photosynthetic activity, or motility assessment (Hessen et al 1997;Sato et al 2004;Gavand et al 2007;Gallo-Villanueva et al 2011;Steinberg et al 2011Steinberg et al , 2012Fan et al 2013;Martínez et al 2013;Stehouwer et al 2013;Adams et al 2014;First and Drake 2014;Tilney et al 2014;Feng et al 2015;Gollasch et al 2015;Olsen et al 2015;van Slooten et al 2015;Wright et al 2015). However, the application of UV treatment does not cause immediate changes in the concentration of living organisms, although their growth curves become different over the time, depending on the applied UV dose (Tao et al 2010;Gorokhova et al 2012;Martínez et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ultraviolet disinfection of microalgae by growth modeling: application to ballast water treatment

et al. 2016

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Ultraviolet disinfection is a frequent option for eliminating viable organisms in ballast water to fulfill international and national regulations. The objective of this work is to evaluate the reduction of microalgae able to reproduce after UV irradiation, based on their growth features. A monoculture of microalgae Tisochrysis lutea was irradiated with different ultraviolet doses (UV-C 254 nm) by a flow-through reactor. A replicate of each treated sample was held in the dark for 5 days simulating a treatment during the ballasting; another replicate was incubated directly under the light, corresponding to the treatment application during de-ballasting. Periodic measurements of cell density were taken in order to obtain the corresponding growth curves. Irradiated samples depicted a regrowth following a logistic curve in concordance with the applied UV dose. By modeling these curves, it is possible to obtain the initial concentration of organisms able to reproduce for each applied UV dose, thus obtaining the dose-survival profiles, needed to determine the disinfection kinetics. These dose-survival profiles enable detection of a synergic effect between the ultraviolet irradiation and a subsequent dark period; in this sense, the UV dose applied during the ballasting operation and subsequent dark storage exerts a strong influence on microalgae survival. The proposed methodology, based on growth modeling, established a framework for comparing the UV disinfection by different devices and technologies on target organisms. This procedure may also assist the understanding of the evolution of treated organisms in more complex assemblages such as those that exist in natural ballast water.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ultraviolet disinfection of microalgae by growth modeling: application to ballast water treatment

et al. 2016

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“…However, there is good reason to believe that identification of appropriate analytical targets may ultimately overcome this limitation. Recent development of methods based on adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) quantification indicate substantial promise as future compliance testing tools ( van Slooten et al, 2015 ; Wright et al, 2015 ). Those methods take advantage of the universal role of ATP in cellular metabolism, adopting the molecule as a suitable and measurable indicator of organismal viability.…”

Section: Examples Of Nucleic Acids-based Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although individual-based abundance counts remain the gold standard, it is worth noting that there is clear precedent for development of tools that only indirectly quantify organism abundance. In addition to the microbial methods discussed above, the ATP-based methods currently being explored in the context of ballast water compliance testing similarly depend on inference of abundance independent of direct organism counts, by determining correlation of the measured metabolite with target cell viability in standardized experiments ( van Slooten et al, 2015 ). Conceivably, similar calibrations could be utilized to associate total viable organism counts of any size class with the activity of some universal metabolite—for instance, various “housekeeping” genes in the case of nucleic acids targets.…”

Section: Examples Of Nucleic Acids-based Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleic acids-based tools for ballast water surveillance, monitoring, and research

Darling

Frederick

2018

Journal of Sea Research

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Understanding the risks of biological invasion posed by ballast water—whether in the context of compliance testing, routine monitoring, or basic research—is fundamentally an exercise in biodiversity assessment, and as such should take advantage of the best tools available for tackling that problem. The past several decades have seen growing application of genetic methods for the study of biodiversity, driven in large part by dramatic technological advances in nucleic acids analysis. Monitoring approaches based on such methods have the potential to increase dramatically sampling throughput for biodiversity assessments, and to improve on the sensitivity, specificity, and taxonomic accuracy of traditional approaches. The application of targeted detection tools (largely focused on PCR but increasingly incorporating novel probe-based methodologies) has led to a paradigm shift in rare species monitoring, and such tools have already been applied for early detection in the context of ballast water surveillance. Rapid improvements in community profiling approaches based on high throughput sequencing (HTS) could similarly impact broader efforts to catalogue biodiversity present in ballast tanks, and could provide novel opportunities to better understand the risks of biotic exchange posed by ballast water transport—and the effectiveness of attempts to mitigate those risks. These various approaches still face considerable challenges to effective implementation, depending on particular management or research needs. Compliance testing, for instance, remains dependent on accurate quantification of viable target organisms; while tools based on RNA detection show promise in this context, the demands of such testing require considerable additional investment in methods development. In general surveillance and research contexts, both targeted and community-based approaches are still limited by various factors: quantification remains a challenge (especially for taxa in larger size classes), gaps in nucleic acids reference databases are still considerable, uncertainties in taxonomic assignment methods persist, and many applications have not yet matured sufficiently to offer standardized methods capable of meeting rigorous quality assurance standards. Nevertheless, the potential value of these tools, their growing utilization in biodiversity monitoring, and the rapid methodological advances over the past decade all suggest that they should be seriously considered for inclusion in the ballast water surveillance toolkit.

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“…However, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) provides general recommendations on indicative and detailed analysis methods for the BW compliance test with Regulation D-2 . However, there is currently no single standardized method that can be used for BW monitoring to cover the complete range of size classes and taxa in order to meet the BWMC objectives . Conventional testing approaches ( e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other molecular tools, such as quantification of intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), are being increasingly touted as an effective tool to approximate living biomass of phytoplankton and other unicellular organisms in BW samples ,− and are listed in guidance documents as recommended approaches for indicative compliance tests . However, uncertainties regarding the interpretation of the ATP signal in terms of wider biodiversity of the BW assemblages, performance of the standardized assays for different groups of organisms ( e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating Biodiversity Shifts in Ballast Water Tanks during a Cross-Latitudinal Transfer: Complementary Insights from Molecular Analyses

Zaiko

Wood

Pochon

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In this study, the evolution of ballast water (BW) assemblages across different trophic levels was characterized over a 21 day cross-latitudinal vessel transit using a combination of molecular methods. Triplicate BW samples were collected every second day and size-fractionated (<2.7, 10, >50 μm). Measurements of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and metabarcoding of environmental nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) analyses, complemented by microscopy and flow cytometry, were performed on each sample. Measured ATP concentrations exhibited high variance between replicates and a strong negative trend in the large (≥50 μm) fraction over the voyage. In concert with microscopy, the metabarcoding data indicated a die-off of larger metazoans during the first week of study and gradual reductions in dinoflagellates and ochrophytes. The ATP and metabarcoding data signaled persistent or increased cellular activity of heterotrophic bacteria and protists in the BW, which was supported by flow cytometry. The metabarcoding showed the presence of active bacteria in all size fractions, suggesting that the sequential filtration approach does not ensure taxonomical differentiation, which has implications for BW quality assessment. Although our data show that ATP and metabarcoding have potential for indicative BW screening for BW compliance monitoring, further research and technological development is needed to improve representativeness of sampling and deliver the unequivocal response criteria required by the international Ballast Water Management Convention.

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Development and testing of a rapid, sensitive ATP assay to detect living organisms in ballast water

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluation of ultraviolet disinfection of microalgae by growth modeling: application to ballast water treatment

Evaluation of ultraviolet disinfection of microalgae by growth modeling: application to ballast water treatment

Nucleic acids-based tools for ballast water surveillance, monitoring, and research

Elucidating Biodiversity Shifts in Ballast Water Tanks during a Cross-Latitudinal Transfer: Complementary Insights from Molecular Analyses

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