Development and Reliability of the Indonesian Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV)

Abstract

Through the years, several translated versions of Wechsler's intelligence test have been used in Indonesia, in clinical, educational or industrial settings. However, instruments such as WechslerBellevue Intelligence Scale are outdated, have not been validated and lack proper normative data, resulting in measurement errors and invalid decisions made on the intellectual potential of individuals. The primary aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-fourth edition (WAIS-IV) for use in Indonesia. We described the first phase in the adaptation of the WAIS-IV in the Indonesian language, including translation, item analysis, and reliability of the subtests. The sample of this research consisted of 148 healthy participants who are representative for the Indonesian population with respect to gender, age groups (ages 16 to 83), educational levels, and ethnic background. Results showed that the sequence of the US WAIS-IV cannot be applied in Indonesia due to differences in index difficulties. Cronbach's coefficient alphas for the WAIS-IV subtests ranged from .74 -.92. For the subtests from the Verbal Comprehension Index, the inter-rater agreement ranged between .91 -.97. In all, the adaptation of the WAIS-IV for Indonesia is psychometrically promising.

External Validity of the Indonesian Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV-ID)

“…We used two measurements of the Wechsler's scale; the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale (WBIS; LSP3 FPUI, n.d) and The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV-ID; Suwartono et. al., 2014;Wechsler, 2008a).…”

“…At the very least, the results would help to estimate premorbid levels of cognitive functioning, to formulate expectations of performance on other tests, and to determine the level of discourse at which to engage the client (Hiscock, 2007). The Indonesian language of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV-ID) has proved to have structural validity that excellent and comparable with other internationally published standardized versions of the WAIS-IV (Suwartono, Halim, Hidajat, Hendriks, & Kessels, 2014). However, the structural validity cannot represent all aspects of a test's validity (Canivez, Konold, Collins, & Wilson, 2009).…”

“…We re-arrange the items sequence in each subtest (except for SS, CD, CA because they are speed test) based on index difficulty. The items on the WAIS-IV-ID subtests are identical or equivalent to those of the WAIS-IV-US (Suwartono, Halim, Hidajat, Hendriks, & Kessels, 2014;Wechsler, 2008a). Therefore, in this study, we also investigated about the correlation and the differences between the scores that produced by these two Wechsler's scale.…”

The Effectiveness of Verbal Self-instruction Program on the Symptoms of ADHD: Controlled Before and After Study

“…The scale is run for children aged 6-16 years. Some previous studies supported the reliability and validity of the scale (Suwartono et al, 2014;Uno et al, 2014).…”

The Study of Intelligence Profiles Between Islands: A Preliminary Study Towards Norm Development

“…Besides measuring intelligence, the WAIS-IV is widely used in clinical settings, such as for measuring cognitive functions (Baxendale, 2011) and epilepsy (Baxendale, McGrath, & Thompson, 2014). Because of the advantages of this measurement tool, the WAIS-IV has been adapted by many countries, including Indonesia (Suwartono, Halim, Hidajat, Hendriks, & Kessels, 2014).…”