Development and Psychometric Testing of Korean Language Versions of 4 Neck Pain and Disability Questionnaires

Abstract

We conclude that the questionnaires were successfully translated and show acceptable measurement properties, and, as such, are suitable for use in clinical and research applications.

The Brazilian-Portuguese versions of the McGill Pain Questionnaire were reproducible, valid, and responsive in patients with musculoskeletal pain

“…Few studies have previously evaluated the responsiveness of the MPQ [2]; our findings are consistent with those reported for the English version of the LF-MPQ (Spearman rho 5 0.55, AUC 5 0.69) [23] [22] versions of the SF-MPQ. Interestingly, the Norwegian [22], English [23], and Korean [24] studies found that the pain intensity scales such as VAS were more responsive than the MPQ, whereas we found that the pain NRS was better than the MPQ in terms of internal responsiveness but not for external responsiveness.…”

Systematic review of cross-cultural adaptations of McGill Pain Questionnaire reveals a paucity of clinimetric testing

“…43%, 36%, and 36% of these steps were followed in the short form. Only the Brazilian-Portuguese [28], the Korean [10], the Turkish [9], and the Farsi [29] versions followed all recommendations. The number of pain descriptors ranged from 29 to 78 words for the long form and ranged from 13 to 20 words for the short form.…”

“…The process used to develop these new versions of the MPQ has not been uniform. Some authors have used a cross-cultural adaptation approach [8] (e.g., the Turkish [9] and Korean [10] SF-MPQ), others have constructed a new questionnaire following similar methodological procedures to those used in the development of the original MPQ (e.g., the Finnish Pain Questionnaire [11] and the Italian Pain Questionnaire [12]) and some versions [13e15] have used a ''mix'' of the two procedures described above. Regardless of the approach used, the main objective of the cross-cultural adaptation is to develop equivalent versions of the MPQ that enable clinicians and researchers to assess…”

The Effects of Posture on Neck Flexion Angle While Using a Smartphone according to Duration

“…Regarding these problems with the musculoskeletal system resulting from the use of a smartphone , Young et al (2012) noted that these were related to the location of the smartphone (Young et al, 2012), and Lee et al (2006) argued that neck pain in a sitting posture is associated with the fact that an object at which an individual intends to look is located around the knee (Lee et al, 2006). Thus, studies on the effects of smartphone use on the skeletal and muscular system have been reported, although studies on smartphone usage posture and its effect on the changes of the neck flexion angle over time are insufficient.…”