Development and Piloting of Sustainability Assessment Metrics for Arctic Process Industry in Finland—The Biorefinery Investment and Slag Processing Service Cases

Husgafvel, Roope; Poikela, Kari; Honkatukia, Juha; Dahl, Olli

doi:10.3390/su9101693

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Sugarcane is the feedstock with the highest number of assessed social aspects, including income, child labor, forced labor, gender equality, cultural heritage, local employment, access to material resources, smallholder farmer inclusiveness in the markets, supplier relationships, and health and safety. In Europe and Northern America, forest biomass is the feedstock most widely assessed [52][53][54][55][56][57][58]. Other feedstocks assessed for this region are agricultural residues, grass, switchgrass, wheat, and maize.…”

Section: Social Aspects Assessed And/or Reported In the Literature Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social aspects assessed and/or reported in the literature categorized according to the structure proposed by the Methodological Sheets for the stakeholder "workers" (subdivided by the authors into three groups). • Fatal occupational injuries [42] • Occupational accidents and diseases, toxicity [62] • Occupational health care [54] Fair salary…”

Section: Energy Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Income [32][33][34]48] • Money savings due to technology substitution [37] • Wage [42,44,56] • Unfair wages [46] • Wage [42,54,56] Child labor • Child labor [45,49] • Young employees [54] Forced labor • Forced labor [45] • Slave labor [44] Equal opportunities…”

Section: Social Aspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Women's opportunity cost [51] • Access to education [36] • Difference in the number of male and female employees [47] • Anti-discrimination legislation [54] Freedom of association and collective bargaining…”

Section: Social Aspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Collective rights [54] • Number of unionized employees [49] Hours of work • Working time [54] Social security/ social benefits…”

Section: Social Aspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Aspects in the Assessment of Biobased Value Chains

et al. 2020

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Social Life-Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) is under continuous development. The Methodological Sheets for Subcategories in S-LCA are a set of guidelines commonly used for the performance of such assessments. They cover a variety of stakeholders and subcategories for the social assessment of products in general. However, they may not necessarily be appropriate for the assessment of biobased value chains of agricultural and forestry origin. The aim of this study is the identification of social aspects relevant for the assessment of biobased value chains across various regions of the world, including those aspects possibly overlooked in the Methodological Sheets for Subcategories in S-LCA. For this purpose, a literature review of empirical studies was performed using the sheets as a reference. The results show that the Methodological Sheets for Subcategories in S-LCA provide good coverage of social topics relevant for biobased value chains, but that the stakeholders “smallholder” and “family farm” are not adequately addressed. Drawing on the empirical literature reviewed, the study emphasizes the relevance of these stakeholders in the analysis of biobased value chains of agricultural and forestry origin, and proposes criteria for consideration in the assessment of this stakeholder.

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