Development and physicochemical characterization of novel porous phosphate glass bone graft substitute and in vitro comparison with xenograft

Abstract

The process of bone regeneration in bone grafting procedures is greatly influenced by the physicochemical properties of the bone graft substitute. In this study, porous phosphate glass (PPG) morsels were developed and their physicochemical properties such as degradation, crystallinity, organic content, surface topography, particle size and porosity were evaluated using various analytical methods. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the PPG morsels was assessed and the interaction of the PPG morsels with Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) was studied by measuring cell proliferation and cell penetration depth. The cell-material interactions between PPG morsels and a commercially available xenograft (XG) were compared. The PPG morsels were observed to be amorphous, biocompatible and highly porous (porosity = 58.45%). From in vitro experiments, PPG morsels were observed to be non-cytotoxic and showed better cell proliferation. The internal surface of PPG was easily accessible to the cells compared to XG.

Zinc-Containing Sol–Gel Glass Nanoparticles to Deliver Therapeutic Ions

“…Synthetic bone graft substitutes have been clinically used for reconstructive orthopedic surgery and dental implantation to overcome the limitation of using autograft and allograft approaches, such as two surgical sites with donor site morbidity. Bioceramics, including calcium phosphate (CaP), hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and bioactive glasses (BAGs), have been developed in the last few decades because of their unique ability to promote natural bone regeneration and bone-bonding ability [ 1 ]. BAGs were clinically used for bone and dental regeneration applications because of their outstanding ability to form strong chemical bonds with surrounding tissues via the hydroxyl carbonate apatite (HCA) layer and their osteogenic, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive potential [ 2 ].…”

Experimental inoculation of the Botox perineurally of facial nerve and followed by histological assessment for its effect on the zygomatic bone of rabbits

“…Once the sections were appropriately prepared, they underwent Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. These stained tissue sections were carefully mounted onto slides using D.P.X and sealed with cover slides [12,25]. The next stage involved a thorough examination of the slides using a light microscope, with the resulting observations documented through photography facilitated by a dedicated camera setup.…”

“…The saga continues in the realm of skeletal muscles, where the consequences of denervation have been extensively studied [8][9][10][11]. The intricate relationship between muscles and bone health takes center stage when considering conditions in which chronic disruptions in muscle function give rise to a cascade of pathologies [12]. This underscores the integral role that muscles play in safeguarding bone health, revealing a poignant connection that echoes throughout the spectrum of musculoskeletal well-being.…”