Development and Persistence of Antibody in Persons Infected with Babesia Microti

Ruebush, Trenton K.; Chisholm, Emily S.; Sulzer, Alexander J.; Healy, George R.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1981.30.291

Cited by 46 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The timing of antibody appearance in the blood following infection has not been well established in humans, although limited studies indicate a lag time of approximately 7 to 14 days [32]. As with many other infections, immunoglobulin M is the earliest antibody isotype that is generated, followed by IgG over subsequent weeks [33]. Antibody concentration typically peaks at titers of ≥ 1:1,024 [6,33].…”

Section: Diagnostic and Screening Tests For Ttbmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis: is it time to screen the blood supply?

Levin

Krause

2016

Current Opinion in Hematology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of review To summarize the current status of blood screening to prevent transfusion-transmitted babesiosis. Recent findings Babesia microti has recently been determined to be the most common transfusion-transmitted pathogen in the United States. Patients who acquire transfusion transmitted babesiosis (TTB) often experience severe illness with an associated mortality rate of about 20%. Recent studies have demonstrated that laboratory screening using B. microti antibody and/or PCR assays can effectively identify infectious blood donors and that this approach may offer a cost effective means of intervention. Pathogen inactivation methods may offer an alternative solution. None of these methods has yet been licensed by FDA, however, and current efforts to prevent TTB rely on excluding blood donors who report having had babesiosis. Summary TTB imposes a significant health burden on the US population. Further research is needed to better inform decisions on optimal screening strategies and reentry criteria, but given the acute need and the currently available screening tools, initiation of blood donor screening to prevent TTB should be given high priority.

show abstract

Section: Diagnostic and Screening Tests For Ttbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with many other infections, immunoglobulin M is the earliest antibody isotype that is generated, followed by IgG over subsequent weeks [33]. Antibody concentration typically peaks at titers of ≥ 1:1,024 [6,33]. A small fraction of asymptomatically infected blood donors are infected just prior to donation.…”

Section: Diagnostic and Screening Tests For Ttbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis: is it time to screen the blood supply?

Levin

Krause

2016

Current Opinion in Hematology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Anti-babesial IgM and IgG antibodies can be detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). [101-103] A babesial IFA titer of ≥1:1024 usually signifies active or recent infection. [103] Titers generally return to ≤1:64 within 8 to 12 months but may persist for years.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[101-103] A babesial IFA titer of ≥1:1024 usually signifies active or recent infection. [103] Titers generally return to ≤1:64 within 8 to 12 months but may persist for years. [56, 103] In rare circumstances when the conventional tests are negative but babesiosis remains a possibility, the diagnosis may be made by injection of patient blood into hamsters, as an intense parasitemia will develop 2 to 4 weeks after inoculation of this highly susceptible host.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Babesiosis

Vannier

Gewurz

Krause

2008

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America

253

236

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…During the acute phase of B. microti illness, IgG titers usually exceed 1 : 1024 and decline to 1 : 64 or less within 8 to 12 months. Thus, IgG titers of 1 : 1024 or greater usually signify active or recent infection [69]. The detection of IgM is indicative of recent infection [67].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Babesiosis

Vannier

Krause

2009

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

109

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease caused by intraerythrocytic protozoan species of the genus Babesia with many clinical features similar to those of malaria. Over the last 50 years, the epidemiology of human babesiosis has changed from a few isolated cases to the establishment of endemic areas in the northeastern and midwestern United States. Episodic cases are reported in Europe, Asia, Africa, and South America. The severity of infection ranges from asymptomatic infection to fulminant disease resulting in death, although the majority of healthy adults experience a mild-to-moderate illness. People over the age of 50 years and immunocompromised individuals are at the highest risk of severe disease, including those with malignancy, HIV, lacking a spleen, or receiving immunosuppressive drugs. Asymptomatic carriers present a blood safety risk when they donate blood. Definitive diagnosis of babesial infection generally is made by microscopic identification of the organism on thin blood smear, amplification of Babesia DNA using PCR, and detection of Babesia antibody in acute and convalescent sera. Specific antimicrobial therapy consists of atovaquone and azithromycin or clindamycin and quinine. Exchange transfusion is used in severe cases. The use of multiple prevention strategies is recommended and consists of personal, residential, and community approaches.

show abstract

Development and Persistence of Antibody in Persons Infected with Babesia Microti

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis: is it time to screen the blood supply?

Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis: is it time to screen the blood supply?

Human Babesiosis

Update on Babesiosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About