DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF A MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF PLUMIERIDE FROM Allamanda cathartica L. FLOWERS

Abstract

A simple and efficient microwave-assisted extraction process has been developed in order to extract plumieride from Allamanda cathartica flowers. The extracts have been obtained through microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) process with ethanol and ethyl acetate at different time, power and temperatures. Static maceration at room temperature with ethanol and ethyl acetate was obtained in order to compare the efficiency of extraction. HPLC method was validated to quantify plumieride in the extracts. The analyzed parameters: linearity (R 2 = 0.999), precision (CV 3.3%), recovery (98%), specificity (97%), limit of detection (1 µg mL -1), and limit of quantification (2 µg mL -1 ) were satisfactory. The yield of plumieride reached 43% in the extracts under the optimal MAE conditions (10 min, 300W). Plumieride recoveries by conventional extraction method were 12% with ethanol and 22% with ethyl acetate. Time and power parameters on plumieride extraction yield was determined by applying a factorial design and surface plots. Ethanol was the best extractor solvent and it was possible to obtain high contents (52 mg g -1 of dry flowers) at optimized conditions. It can be concluded that MAE process has actual advantages over the conventional extraction method in terms of shorter time and higher efficiency to recover plumieride from A. cathartica flowers.

Helicteres L. SPECIES (Malvaceae SENSU LATO) AS SOURCE OF NEW DRUGS: A REVIEW

“…[1][2][3] Previous studies have allowed the association of chemical constituents present in the medicinal species and their respective pharmacological activities, based on experimental researches including knowledges of botany, chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology, greatly contributing to the discovery of bioactive natural products. 4,5 In this context, species of Sterculiaceae clade, Malvaceae sensu lato, have aroused great interest in the scientific environment and stand out for their importance in industrial, economic, medicinal, food and ornamental production, as well their chemical and biological properties. 6,7 Among the genus belonging to this group, we highlight Helicteres L., whose biological and pharmacological effects of some species used in folk medicine were scientifically confirmed through the isolation, structural characterization and pharmacological activities developed by its secondary metabolites.…”

CHEMICAL VARIABILITY OF Allamanda cathartica L. FLOWERS ASSESSED BY MULTIVARIATE DATA ANALYSIS

“…This iridoid is the major compound of flower extracts as described in the previous studies. 6,7 In Figure 1B, the peak at the retention time of 12.0 minutes refers to rutin, as identified in the UV spectrum, showing three maximum absorption peaks at 204 nm, 255 nm, and 355 nm. Two other peaks with retention time at 12.9 and 13.1 minutes also have an absorption profile similar to rutin, which may be inferred as flavonoids.…”

“…The flowers are constituted mainly by sugars, flavonoids, as rutin, and high content of the iridoid plumieride. 6,7 Plumieride is an iridoid of great interest because of its biological potential as reported anti-inflammatory activity 8,9 and inhibitory fungi growth. 10 Rutin is one of the major flavonoids in extracts of flowers of A. cathartica and its pharmacological potential as antioxidant, antiviral, antihypertensive and auxiliary in the treatment of type 2 diabetes 11 has been described.…”

Development of Marine-Derived Compounds for Cancer Therapy

“…To gain the best yield, several parameters can be modified based on the property of the sample, for instance, time, pressure or solvent ratio. In the extraction of plumieride from flower extracts, MAE produced almost twice or triplicate that of conventional methods under its optimal conditions (10 min, 300W) [153]. MAE could also be combined with other methods to enhance its productiveness.…”