Development and Optimisation of Solid-Phase Extraction of Extractable and Bound Phenolic Acids in Spelt (Triticum spelta L.) Seeds

Mencin, Marjeta; Mikulič-Petkovšek, Maja; Veberič, Robert; Terpinc, Petra

doi:10.3390/antiox10071085

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A higher concentration of phenolic compounds was detected in the bound fraction of spelt grain extracts. As expected from the literature data [37], the most abundant phenolic compounds in the bound fraction were trans-ferulic acid and trans-p-coumaric acid. Significant accumulation of bound phenolic compounds during germination was also observed.…”

Section: Phenolic Characterization By Liquid Chromatography-mass Spec...supporting

confidence: 87%

Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (Triticum spelta)

Živković

Gođevac

Cigić

et al. 2023

Foods

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In this study, we investigated the effects of germination on the secondary metabolite composition in spelt grains. Germination significantly increased the content of various metabolites in free and bound forms. Benzoxazinoids were the most important compounds in the free fraction of the 96 h germinated grains (MBOA content as the predominant compound was 277.61 ± 15.29 µg/g DW). The majority of phenolic acids were present in the bound fraction, with trans-ferulic acid as the main component, reaching 753.27 ± 95.87 µg/g DW. The often neglected cis-isomers of phenolic acids accounted for about 20% of the total phenolic acids. High levels of apigenin di-C-glycosides were found in spelt grains, and the schaftoside content was most affected by germination, increasing threefold. The accumulation of secondary metabolites significantly increased the antioxidant activity of germinated spelt. According to the results of this study, the content of most bioactive compounds was highest in spelt grains after 96 h of germination. These data suggest that germinated spelt could potentially be valuable for the production of functional foods.

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Section: Phenolic Characterization By Liquid Chromatography-mass Spec...supporting

confidence: 87%

Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (Triticum spelta)

Živković

Gođevac

Cigić

et al. 2023

Foods

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“…The supernatants and hydrolysates were further used for solid-phase extraction (SPE) for isolation and concentration of the phenolics from the extracts. SPE was performed according to [ 14 ]. Briefly, 100 mg Strata-X RP cartridges (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA) were first preconditioned with 3 mL of 99.9% methanol, and then with 3 mL of water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion of Bioprocessed Spelt Seeds: Bioaccessibility and Bioactivity of Phenolics

et al. 2022

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The goal of this research was to evaluate the impact of different bioprocessing techniques on improved bioaccessibility of phenolics from spelt seeds. Despite the negative influence of gastrointestinal digestion, fermentation of germinated seeds significantly increased the bioaccessibility of total phenolics and their antioxidant activity compared to digested raw seeds. Enzymatic treated fermented seeds showed the highest relative bioaccessibility of p-coumaric and trans-ferulic acids, while their absolute contents were significantly higher in “germinated + fermented” seeds. Our research suggests that pretreatment of spelt seeds with hydrolytic enzymes improves access of fermenting microorganisms to structural elements, resulting in an increased content of extractable and bound trans-ferulic acid. Significantly higher biostability of phenolics was observed in raw seeds. Some major quality changes in the composition of extracts were observed under simulated in vitro digestion, since antioxidants of the same extract showed a different relative decrease in DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging activities compared to the raw seeds or their corresponding undigested counterparts. It is therefore important to increase the content of extractable antioxidants in seeds by bioprocessing, since they are strongly diminished during digestion.

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“…The phenolic compounds content in fraction CHCl3 was smaller (70.3 mg/g) than in fraction AcOEt (118.6 mg/g). Knowing that phenols have more affinity with higher polarity solvents, these compounds were found in higher quantities in the last fraction (Mencin et. al., 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pfaffia glomerata: Gallic acid and phenolic compounds determination

Silva¹,

Neves²,

Kummer³

et al. 2022

RSD

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Pfaffia glomerata, known as ginseng-brasileiro, is a root widely used in folk medicine, being effective against inflammation, rheumatism, and fatigue, in addition to present aphrodisiacs and antidiabetics properties. Among the classes of substances reported for the specie, the phenolic acids, in special gallic acid, has shown positive activity to learning and memory, having a considerable effect against neurotoxic and pro-oxidant substances. Therefore, the article’s objective was to quantify gallic acid in the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions from P. glomerata. Thus, the aerial parts of ginseng were collected, dried and subjected to extraction with ethanol followed by fractionation with organic solvents in different polarities, obtaining the hexanic, dichloromethane (CHCl3) and ethyl acetate (AcOEt) fractions. Then, gallic acid was identified by TLC and quantified by HPLC in the ethyl acetate fraction. The total phenolic content was determined in the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions, presenting values of 70,3 mg/g and 118,6 mg/g, respectively. The gallic acid content determined by HPLC in the AcOEt fraction was 904,15 µg/g, while in the CHCl3 fraction it was not possible to quantify. So, the species can be a source of phenolic compounds for possible applications in the pharmaceutical area.

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Development and Optimisation of Solid-Phase Extraction of Extractable and Bound Phenolic Acids in Spelt (Triticum spelta L.) Seeds

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (Triticum spelta)

Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (Triticum spelta)

Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion of Bioprocessed Spelt Seeds: Bioaccessibility and Bioactivity of Phenolics

Pfaffia glomerata: Gallic acid and phenolic compounds determination

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