Development and localization of enkephalin and substance P in the nucleus of tractus solitarius in the medulla oblongata of human fetuses

Yew, David T.; Luo, Chunya; Zheno, D.R.; Guan, Yutao; Lin, Yaduan; Chen, W.Z.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(90)90157-y

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This may be due to the differences between adult versus postnatal or simply the differences in species. Finally, although many transmitters have been documented in the human brainstem (Li et al 2007;Lorke et al 2003;Shen et al 1989;Tiu et al 1993;Wai et al 2004;Yew et al 1990Yew et al , 1991Yew et al , 1992Yew et al , 1996Yew et al , 1999cYew and Chan 1999), results have been scattered along the cortex and different nuclei, which has made correlation difficult. For example, it had been documented that many sites in the medulla contained catecholaminergic neurons (Lorke et al 2003) and NPY positive cells (Wai et al 2004), while the midbrain raphe nucleus and reticular formation contained serotonin cells (Shen et al 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Localization of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A positive cells in the brainstems of control age-matched and Alzheimer individuals

Yeung

Kung

Yew

2010

AGE

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Serotonin receptor 1A and 2A positive cells in postmortem brainstems were demonstrated via immunohistochemistry in eight control age-matched elderly individuals and eight Alzheimer patients. The 5-HT1A positive cells were found in substantia nigra, pontile nucleus, and vagal as well as dorsal raphe nucleus, while 5-HT2A receptor positive cells were found in motor, sensory and spinal trigeminal nuclei, pontile nucleus, substantia nigra, and nucleus solitarius. A comparison in density of positive cells per unit area was made between control age-matched and Alzheimer individuals. Statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) in density were observed in 5-HT1A cells in pontile, dorsal raphe, and vagal nuclei between control age-matched and Alzheimer, and in 5-HT2A positive cells in the sensory trigeminal nucleus, between control and Alzheimer. This de novo study indicated the presence of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor positive cells in the above nuclei of human brainstem and revealed differences in density between control age-matched and Alzheimer, indicating possible functional derangements in Alzheimer patients in these areas. In addition, colocalization studies indicated that 5-HT1A receptors were in cholinergic cells and gamma-aminobutyric acid positive fibers were linked to 5-HT2A receptor positive cells. It is hoped that understanding these two important 5-HT receptors and their localization might lead to advances in future therapeutic development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The present study showed that the positive 5-HT1A cells were in the dorsal vagal nucleus, while 5-HT2A cells were in the solitary nucleus. Both are known as important areas for visceral function (Yew et al 1990). Whether these 1A and 2A receptors are also involved in sleep apnea is still controversial (Sawaguchi et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A positive cells in the brainstems of control age-matched and Alzheimer individuals

Yeung

Kung

Yew

2010

AGE

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“…Some authors do provide further analysis. Yew et al (1990) observed SP-LI fibres in the commissural nucleus, which were seen to cross the midline, and also in the medial, ventral, ventrolateral, dorsolateral, and intermediate nuclei. The present study substantiates these findings, though within the ventrolateral nucleus very little SP-LI was observed.…”

Section: Substance P-like-immunoreactive Fibres and Terminals Across mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…SP is remarkably stable during extended postmortem delays (Kanazawa and Jessell, 1976;Gale et al, 1978;Emson et al, 1980;Gu et al, 19851, lending itself well to examination in human preparations. A substantial body of literature has emerged in the last 2 decades demonstrating the presence of SP in various types of human tissue (Cuello et al, 1976;Hokfelt et al, 1976;Kanazawa et al, 1977;Gale et al, 1978;Emson et al, 1980;Cooper et al, 1981;Hervonen et al, 1981;De Lanerolle and La Motte, 1982;Nomura et al, 1982Nomura et al, , 1987Charnay et al, 1983;Del Fiacco et al, 1983Bouras et al, 1986;Mai et al, 1986;Halliday et al, 1988bHalliday et al, ,1990aLuo et al, 1988;Rikard-Bell et al, 1990;Yew et al, 1990). Many ofthe works examining the distribution of SP throughout the brain do not include an examination of the nucleus of the solitary tract (Sol) in the dorsomedial medulla oblongata (Emson et al, 1980;Cooper et al, 1981;Bouras et al, 1986;Mai et al, 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of substance P‐like immunoreactive neurons and terminals throughout the nucleus of the solitary tract in the human brainstem

Törk

1994

J of Comparative Neurology

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The anatomical distribution of substance P-like immunoreactivity across the subnuclear divisions of the nucleus of the solitary tract has been examined in the human medulla oblongata. A differential distribution of neurons, fibres, and terminals was observed throughout the ten subnuclear divisions of this nucleus. Substance P-like immunoreactive neurons were observed most frequently in the nucleus gelatinosus, with moderate numbers in the medial, intermediate subnuclei and very few in the commissural, ventral, dorsal, and dorsolateral subnuclei. The paracommissural, ventrolateral, and interstitial subnuclei did not contain substance P-like-immunoreactive neurons. These neurons were typically bipolar and moderate-sized to large, except for the neurons in the nucleus gelatinosus, which were substantially smaller. The highest densities of fibres and terminals were observed in the gelatinosus, medial, and intermediate nuclei, with moderate densities in the paracommissural and dorsal subnuclei. Sparse substance P-like-immunoreactive fibres and terminals were seen in the ventral and interstitial nuclei as well as within the solitary tract. The dorsolateral nucleus was characterized by a light distribution of fibres and terminals, except for a dense aggregation along its lateralmost border. A prominent innervation of pigmented neurons by substance P-like-immunoreactive terminals and fibres was also observed in the dorsolateral nucleus. The results reveal that the subnuclear complexity of the nucleus of the solitary tract is richly reflected by its differential pattern of substance P-like-immunoreactive structures.

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“…These include (1) modulation of cholinergic efferent activities of the ventral horn neurons by peptidergic fibers, (2) interaction and modulation of various transmitters and peptides in the facial motor nucleus, (3) interaction of peptidergic short interneurons with afferent fibers going into relay stations of limbic and neuroendocrine systems (e.g. interpeduncular nucleus) and (4) direct peptidergic innervation of important visceral centers like the solitary nucleus [37]. The understanding of these interrelationships is also complicated by the existence of other forms of interaction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides in the Developing Human Central Nervous System

et al. 1999

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This is a review on the ontogenesis of major neurotransmitters and neuropeptides in the developing human central nervous system. In general, the molecules under study appeared early in development, usually in the first trimester. Cholinergic neurons were found to be present around the time of neuropeptide formation. The newly formed neuropeptidergic fibers extended towards the cholinergic centers where both might interact. In the major centers of the central nervous system, neuropeptides were also noted to colocalize with various neurotransmitters. For example, in the facial nucleus, enkepahlin and substance P fibers coexisted with cholinergic and catecholaminergic neurons, suggesting complex interactions. In the interpeduncular nucleus, peptidergic neurons acting as interneurons clearly modulated the afferent input to this nucleus. In the hippocampus and in sensory organs such as the retina, there were indications that neuropeptides and γ-amino butyric acid coexisted. We hypothesize that interactions of neurotransmitters and peptides in neurons and fibers early in development play an indispensable role in the morphogenesis of the human central nervous system.

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Development and localization of enkephalin and substance P in the nucleus of tractus solitarius in the medulla oblongata of human fetuses

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Localization of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A positive cells in the brainstems of control age-matched and Alzheimer individuals

Localization of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A positive cells in the brainstems of control age-matched and Alzheimer individuals

Distribution of substance P‐like immunoreactive neurons and terminals throughout the nucleus of the solitary tract in the human brainstem

Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides in the Developing Human Central Nervous System

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