Development and Investigation of Dry Powder Inhalers for Cystic Fibrosis

Russo, Paola; Prota, Lucia; Stigliani, Mariateresa; Aquino, Rita Patrizia

doi:10.5772/51408

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…It indicates absence of crystalline drug in these particles, as a result of amorphous state or molecular dispersion throughout the polymer matrix after fabrication of nanoparticles 40 . Furthermore, endothermic peaks of a-lactose and leucine were absent in the selected formulations (F 12 and S 6 ) which confirms the existence of amorphous state of spraydried formulations 41 with no crystalline endothermic peaks 42,43 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Inhaled sildenafil nanocomposites: lung accumulation and pulmonary pharmacokinetics

Ghasemian

Vatanara

Rouini

et al. 2015

Pharmaceutical Development and Technology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Inhaled sildenafil nanocomposites: lung accumulation and pulmonary pharmacokinetics

Ghasemian

Vatanara

Rouini

et al. 2015

Pharmaceutical Development and Technology

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“…pass metabolism, and reduced systemic doses, which lead to maximum therapeutic efficiency and minimum side effects, respectively. Furthermore, lower dosage regimens provide considerable cost saving especially with expensive therapeutic agents and drug with low potency [1][2][3]. Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (MDI), nebulizers, and dry powder inhalers (DPI) are three main delivery systems used for aerosol inhalation in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Carrier Free Dry Powder Inhalation Formulation of Ketotifen for Pulmonary Drug Delivery

et al. 2019

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Background Pulmonary drug delivery route is gaining much attention because it enables to target the active ingredients directly to lung both for local and systemic treatments, which maximize the therapeutic effect and minimize unwanted systemic toxicity. Dry powder inhaler (DPI) systems for asthma therapy have shown several merits to the other pulmonary delivery systems such as nebulizers and metered dose inhalers. Purpose The present study aims to develop and optimize a DPI formulation for Ketotifen fumarate through spray drying technique. Methods Particles size and morphology, crystallinity, and drug-excipient interaction of fabricated DPI formulations were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy methods, respectively. The aerosolization indexes and aerodynamic properties of dry powders were determined by next generation impactor. The powder flowability was assessed by measuring the Hausner ratio and compressibility index. Results Among solvent systems, ethanol-water mixture produced the most desirable powder property for inhalation after spray drying. Although co-spray dried formulations with ammonium bicarbonate resulted in the porous structure, it was not beneficial for DPI formulations due to the interaction with Ketotifen. DSC and XRD experiments proved the amorphous structure of prepared powders, which were stable for 12 months. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate the potential of Ketotifen DPI formulation and pave a way to use it easily in an industrial scale.

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“…Surface roughness of a particle impacts the aerosolization efficiency of a dry powder inhalation as it determines the interaction forces between the drug particles and between the drug and carrier particles (if present) in a formulation. An appropriate balance between the interaction forces (during mixing/filling) and separation forces (during inhalation) of these particles is essential to ensure efficient delivery of the medicament to the peripheral lung, when delivered as dry powder inhalations [19][20][21]. Studies have demonstrated that an increase in surface roughness of lactose carrier particles and sieved sorbitol particles proportionately improves the drug carrying capacity of the carrier; however the drug particles are held tightly to the carrier particles and hence the emitted dose from the inhaler device decreases [19][20][21].…”

Section: Aerosol Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Era of Pulmonary Delivery of Nano-antimicrobial Therapeutics to Treat Chronic Pulmonary Infections

Merchant

Buckton²,

Taylor³

et al. 2016

CPD

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Pulmonary infections may be fatal especially in immunocompromised patients and patients with underlying pulmonary dysfunction, such as those with cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, etc. According to the WHO, lower respiratory tract infections ranked first amongst the leading causes of death in 2012, and tuberculosis was included in the top 10 causes of death in low income countries, placing a considerable strain on their economies and healthcare systems. Eradication of lower respiratory infections is arduous, leading to high healthcare costs and requiring higher doses of antibiotics to reach optimal concentrations at the site of pulmonary infection for protracted periods. Hence direct inhalation to the respiratory epithelium has been investigated extensively in the past decade, and seems to be an attractive approach to eradicate and hence overcome this widespread problem. Moreover, engineering inhalation formulations wherein the antibiotics are encapsulated within nanoscale carriers could serve to overcome many of the limitations faced by conventional antibiotics, like difficulty in treating intracellular pathogens such as mycobacteria spp. and salmonella spp., biofilmassociated pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, passage through the sputum associated with disorders like cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, systemic side effects following oral/parenteral delivery and inadequate concentrations of antibiotic at the site of infection leading to resistance. Encapsulation of antibiotics in nanocarriers may help in providing a protective environment to combat antibiotic degradation, confer controlled-release properties, hence reducing dosing frequency, and may increase uptake via specific and non-specific targeting modalities. Hence nanotechnology combined with direct administration to the airways using commercially available delivery devices, is a highly attractive formulation strategy to eradicate microorganisms from the lower respiratory tract, which might otherwise present opportunities for multi-drug resistance.

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Development and Investigation of Dry Powder Inhalers for Cystic Fibrosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Inhaled sildenafil nanocomposites: lung accumulation and pulmonary pharmacokinetics

Inhaled sildenafil nanocomposites: lung accumulation and pulmonary pharmacokinetics

Development of a Carrier Free Dry Powder Inhalation Formulation of Ketotifen for Pulmonary Drug Delivery

A New Era of Pulmonary Delivery of Nano-antimicrobial Therapeutics to Treat Chronic Pulmonary Infections

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