Development and Initial Validation of the Persevering Hope Scale: Measuring Wait-Power in Four Independent Samples

Rueger, Sandra Yu; Worthington, Everett L.; Davis, Edward B.; Chen, Zhuo Job; Cowden, Richard G.; Moloney, Jaclyn M.; Eveleigh, Elisha; Stone, Lauren B.; Lemke, Austin W.; Glowiak, Kevin J.

doi:10.1080/00223891.2022.2032100

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This longitudinal cohort study was approved by the Wheaton College Institutional Review Board. A nationwide community sample (stratified but nonrandom) was recruited via Qualtrics Panels between August 26 and September 3, 2019, as part of the aforementioned test development and validation study (Rueger et al, 2021). The selection criteria for people to participate in that initial study were that participants had to be 18 or older, have at least one chronic disease, currently live in the United States, and have Internet access.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason we assessed such a broad array of outcomes is that the current study was nested within a larger test development and validation study for a new scale of persevering hope (i.e., the motivation to persist toward a positive outcome even when desired goals seem unattainable or unlikely; Rueger et al, 2021). The current study's aim was to examine the extent COVID-19 has led to changes in psychological and spiritual adjustment among individuals with chronic disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Psychological and spiritual outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective longitudinal study of adults with chronic disease.

Davis¹,

McElroy‐Heltzel²,

Lemke³

et al. 2021

Health Psychology

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Objective: This prospective longitudinal study examined whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to changes in psychological and spiritual outcomes among adults with chronic disease. Method: Participants (N = 302) were a stratified, nonrandom sample of adults (Mage = 64.46, SD = 10.86, 45.7% female). The sample was representative of the chronically ill, U.S. adult population in gender, race/ethnicity, region, and religious affiliation but older in age and higher in socioeconomic status. Participants completed online-administered measures 1 month before the March 11 pandemic declaration (T1) and then 1 and 3 months after it (T2 and T3). At T1 through T3, they completed measures of depression, anxiety, personal suffering, psychological well-being, trait resilience, optimism, hope, grit, spiritual struggles, spiritual fortitude, and positive religious coping. At T2 and T3, they also completed measures of social support, physical health, resource loss, perceived stress, and COVID-19 fears and exposure. Results: Overall, people did not change substantially in psychological or spiritual outcomes over time. However, trait resilience increased and personal suffering declined. People highest in prepandemic suffering increased in spiritual fortitude. Racial/ethnic minorities increased in religious importance. Roughly half (48.9%) of participants exhibited psychological resilience (no/minimal depression or anxiety symptoms) at both T2 and T3. Perceived stress and psychological resource loss were associated with adverse mental health outcomes, but social support and physical health were not. COVID-19 fears contributed more to mental health than COVID-19 exposure. Conclusions: Even among vulnerable populations such as adults with chronic disease, during pandemic conditions like COVID-19, many people may exhibit—or even increase slightly in—psychological and spiritual resilience.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and spiritual outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective longitudinal study of adults with chronic disease.

Davis¹,

McElroy‐Heltzel²,

Lemke³

et al. 2021

Health Psychology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We used the first three waves of data from a prospective cohort study investigating the psychospiritual functioning of US adults living with chronic health conditions (see Davis et al, 2021; Rueger et al, 2021). To be eligible for inclusion, participants needed to be 18 years of age or older, a US resident, and have at least one chronic health condition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religious/spiritual struggles and psychological distress: A test of three models in a longitudinal study of adults with chronic health conditions

et al. 2021

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Objective This study tested three conceptual explanatory models that have been theorized to account for the linkages between religious/spiritual (R/S) struggles and psychological distress: the primary model (i.e., R/S struggles lead to psychological distress), the secondary model (i.e., psychological distress leads to R/S struggles), and the complex model (i.e., R/S struggles and psychological distress reciprocally exacerbate each other). Methods Using prospective data from a sample of US adults living with chronic health conditions (n = 302), we performed a cross‐lagged panel analysis with three timepoints to test for evidence of potential causal relations between R/S struggles and psychological distress. Results Consistent with the complex conceptual model of R/S struggles, we found evidence of positive reciprocal associations between R/S struggles and psychological distress. Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of attending to the dynamic interplay between R/S struggles and psychological distress when working with adults who have chronic health conditions.

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“…Nearly half (44.5%) of the participants shared perspectives resonant with hope and/or optimism, described previously in undifferentiated etic language as a "cognitive, emotional, and motivational stance towards the future" [21]. Hope includes a strong belief that, despite the difficulty that one is facing, a better future is possible and achievable [31] and entails one's capacity to initiate and sustain actions as well as to generate different routes toward intended goals [32]. Similarly, optimism involves expectation or a belief that experiences will be favorable and good in the future [33].…”

Section: Hope and Optimismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping Resources among Forced Migrants in South Africa: Exploring the Role of Character Strengths in Coping, Adjustment, and Flourishing

Tesfai,

Captari,

Meyer-Weitz

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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This phenomenological qualitative study explored how forced migrants in South Africa cope with violent, traumatic experiences and precarious resettlement conditions. Data came from a larger empirical project examining migration, psychological distress, and coping. In-depth interviews were conducted with 14 refugees and asylum seekers (Mage = 30.27, SDage = 9.27; male = 71.43%) who migrated from five African countries to Durban, South Africa. Despite overwhelming stressors, participants described pathways to transcend victimhood and hardship through engaging character strengths in ways that promote post-traumatic growth. Qualitative analysis revealed five overarching domains: spirituality and religiousness, love and kindness, hope and optimism, persistence and fortitude, and gratitude and thankfulness. Findings are framed within positive existential psychology and dual-factor understandings of mental health, which attend to both human suffering and flourishing. Limitations, future research directions, and clinical and community implications are discussed, with attention to the role of character strengths in adaptive coping and psychological well-being. The intergenerational transmission of strengths is explored as one potential means of buffering intergenerational trauma impacts and promoting family post-traumatic growth.

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Development and Initial Validation of the Persevering Hope Scale: Measuring Wait-Power in Four Independent Samples

Cited by 8 publications

References 43 publications

Psychological and spiritual outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective longitudinal study of adults with chronic disease.

Psychological and spiritual outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective longitudinal study of adults with chronic disease.

Religious/spiritual struggles and psychological distress: A test of three models in a longitudinal study of adults with chronic health conditions

Coping Resources among Forced Migrants in South Africa: Exploring the Role of Character Strengths in Coping, Adjustment, and Flourishing

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