Development and Functions of the Infant Gut Microflora: Western<i>vs</i>. Indian Infants

Bharadia, Lalit; Agrawal, Neha; Joshi, Nandan

doi:10.1155/2020/7586264

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The mode of infant feeding (e.g., direct versus formula) has been demonstrated to influence microbiota composition by providing the substrates for bacterial proliferation and function . The other possible sources of bacterial contamination originate from the skin surrounding the breast and from water, including equipment used to prepare dried powder. , It is well-established that breastfed infants have distinct gut microflora than formula-fed infants . For example, exclusively breastfed infants have a higher proportion of Bifidobacterium (e.g., Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium bifidum) and Lactobacillus, while the gut of formula-fed infants has obligate anaerobes, such as Bacteroides and Clostridia. , …”

Section: Human Milk Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…117,118 It is well-established that breastfed infants have distinct gut microflora than formula-fed infants. 119 For example, exclusively breastfed infants have a higher proportion of Bifidobacterium (e.g., Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium bifidum) and Lactobacillus, while the gut of formula-fed infants has obligate anaerobes, such as Bacteroides and Clostridia. 120,121 Human Milk Microbiome and Infant Health.…”

Section: ■ Human Milk Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Significance of Different Milk Constituents in Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Infant Health

Yadav

Kapoor

Verma

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Human milk, the gold standard for optimal nourishment, controls the microbial composition of infants by either enhancing or limiting bacterial growth. The milk fat globule membrane has gained interest in gut-related functions and cognitive development. The membrane proteins can directly interact with probiotic bacteria, influencing their survival and adhesion through gastrointestinal transit, whereas membrane phospholipids increase the residence time of probiotic bacteria in the gut. The commensal bacteria in milk act as the initial inoculum in building up the gut colonization of an infant, whereas oligosaccharides promote proliferation of beneficial microorganisms. Interestingly, milk extracellular vesicles are also involved in influencing the microbiota composition but are not well-explored. This review highlights the contribution of different milk components in modulating the infant gut microbiota, particularly the fat globule membrane, and the complex interplay between host− and brain− gut microbiota signaling affecting infant and adult health positively.

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Section: Human Milk Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Human Milk Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Significance of Different Milk Constituents in Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Infant Health

Yadav

Kapoor

Verma

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Commensal luminal bacteria inhibit the colonization of pathogens by, for example, the production of bacteriocins, pH modification of the luminal content, and competition for nutrients required for the growth of pathogens (Bharadia et al, 2020 ). Otherwise, the commensal microbiota resides in the intestinal epithelium enhanced physiological paracellular permeability, and the mucus layer (Schoultz and Keita, 2019 ).…”

Section: Gut Microbiota and Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease: The role of microbiota-derived amino acid metabolism

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Non-motor symptoms (NMS) of Parkinson's disease (PD), such as constipation, sleep disorders, and olfactory deficits, may emerge up to 20 years earlier than motor symptoms. A series of evidence indicates that the pathology of PD may occur from the gastrointestinal tract to the brain. Numerous studies support that the gut microbiota communicates with the brain through the immune system, special amino acid metabolism, and the nervous system in PD. Recently, there is growing recognition that the gut microbiota plays a vital role in the modulation of multiple neurochemical pathways via the “gut microbiota-brain axis” (GMBA). Many gut microbiota metabolites, such as fatty acids, amino acids, and bile acids, convey signaling functions as they mediate the crosstalk between gut microbiota and host physiology. Amino acids' abundance and species alteration, including glutamate and tryptophan, may disturb the signaling transmission between nerve cells and disrupt the normal basal ganglia function in PD. Specific amino acids and their receptors are considered new potential targets for ameliorating PD. The present study aimed to systematically summarize all available evidence on the gut microbiota-derived amino acid metabolism alterations associated with PD.

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“…Microflora begins their journey within human host from the mother of infants and its surroundings and this microbiota undergoes various modification with the age of the infant; eventually, the composition of gut microbes becomes similar to adult and participates in metabolism and immunity (Bharadia et al 2020). Earlier, it was assumed that gut microbes are not present in newborn infants but start getting developed immediately after the delivery of the infant (Scholtens et al 2012).…”

Section: Propagation Of Neonatal Microfloramentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community in human gut: a therapeutic prospect and implication in health and diseases

Dwivedi

Powali

Rastogi

et al. 2021

Lett Appl Microbiol

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The interest in the working and functionality of the human gut microbiome has increased drastically over the years. Though the existence of gut microbes has long been speculated for long over the last few decades, a lot of research has sprung up in studying and understanding the role of gut microbes in the human digestive tract. The microbes present in the gut are highly instrumental in maintaining the metabolism in the body. Further research is going on in this field to understand how gut microbes can be employed as potential sources of novel therapeutics, moreover, probiotics have also elucidated Accepted ArticleThis article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved their significant place in this direction. As regards the clinical perspective, microbes can be engineered to afford defense mechanisms while interacting with foreign pathogenic bodies. More investigations in this field may assist us to evaluate and understand how these cells communicate with human cells and promote immune interactions. Here we elaborate on the possible implication of human gut microbiota into the immune system as well as explore the probiotics in the various human ailments. Comprehensive information on the human gut microbiome at the same platform may contribute affectively to our understanding of the human microbiome and possible mechanisms of associated human diseases.

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Development and Functions of the Infant Gut Microflora: Westernvs. Indian Infants

Cited by 10 publications

References 68 publications

Functional Significance of Different Milk Constituents in Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Infant Health

Functional Significance of Different Milk Constituents in Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Infant Health

Interactions between gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease: The role of microbiota-derived amino acid metabolism

Microbial community in human gut: a therapeutic prospect and implication in health and diseases

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