“…Jung et al performed an efficient model that can accurately predict the size of cavitation bubbles on test data and in real systems. 110 The approach was to create a pipeline with a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model capable of simulating the size of cavitation bubbles for various parameters (Fig. 10b).…”
This review discusses three types of soft matter and liquid molecular materials, namely hydrogels, liquid crystals and gas bubbles in liquids, which are explored with an emergent machine learning approach....
“…Jung et al performed an efficient model that can accurately predict the size of cavitation bubbles on test data and in real systems. 110 The approach was to create a pipeline with a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model capable of simulating the size of cavitation bubbles for various parameters (Fig. 10b).…”
This review discusses three types of soft matter and liquid molecular materials, namely hydrogels, liquid crystals and gas bubbles in liquids, which are explored with an emergent machine learning approach....
“…57 Most of the studies on bubble characterization were focused on gas−liquid flows using the machine learning method. For example, Jung et al 58 applied ANN to successfully predict mean bubble diameter in turbulent air−water bubbly flows. Theßeling et al 59 adopted the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression algorithm as well as the regression treebased algorithm to estimate the diameter of a single bubble in a bubble column.…”
Empirical correlations for bubble diameter and velocity are incapable of predicting the local bubble behaviors fairly because the impact of local hydrodynamics on bubbles in fluidized beds. Based on image processing, a novel bubble identification method with an adaptive threshold was proposed to distinguish and characterize bubbles in fluidized beds. The information regarding bubble properties and local hydrodynamics can thus be extracted using the big data from highly resolved simulations. Accordingly, the deep neural network was trained to accurately predict local bubble properties, where the inputs were determined by performing correlation analysis and a random forest algorithm. We found Reynolds number, voidage, and relative coordinates are the dominant factors, and a four-variable choice was demonstrated to output satisfactory performance for predicting local bubble diameter and velocity. The model was preliminarily validated by coupling with the EMMS drag into CFD codes, which showed that the accuracy of coarse-grid simulations can be significantly improved.
“…The relative error of CHF is around 20% which is better than that of empirical correlation or mechanistic models. Jung et al (2020) investigated the bubble size distribution in turbulent airwater bubbly flows by using multi-layer ANNs. Compared to the 20% error of traditional theoretical models, the results of the use of ANNs show average relative error of 4.98% for the given experimental datasets.…”
In the subcooled boiling flow under low-pressure conditions, bubble characteristic diameter is of great influence on the surface heat transfer coefficient. However, large errors are still found in calculations using traditional mechanistic models or empirical correlations, especially for wide experimental condition. In this paper, we propose a widely applicable data-driven model using artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict the bubble maximum diameter and investigate the effect of experimental conditions. After a series of analyses on structural parameters and input parameters, the ANN model is established and validated based on six available experimental databases. The result shows that the relative error is around 14%. Uncertainty analysis is carried out for the four experimental conditions and two structural conditions. The results show the measuring accuracy of pressure is one of the most sensitive parameters on the prediction of bubble maximum diameter in the subcooled boiling flow under 1.0 MPa, especially for the bubble sizes larger than 0.5 mm. According to the results of uncertainty analysis, a new correlation is proposed for coefficients C and φ, which are used to express the effect of pressure and fluid dynamic. The new correlation works well for all the experimental databases, and the error for bubble datasets of large size is also modified. Furthermore, another independent validation with a low relative error to 14% is provided to prove the accuracy of the new correlation.
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