Development and Evaluation of Core Collection Using Qualitative and Quantitative Trait Descriptor in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Germplasm

Abstract

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops with high oil contents and rich nutrient value. The development of a core collection could facilitate easier access to sesame genetic resources for their use in crop improvement programs and simplify the genebank management. The present study was initiated to the development and evaluation of a core collection of sesame based on 5 qualitative and 10 quantitative trait descriptors on 2,751 sesame accessions. The accessions were different countries of origin. About 10.1 percent of accessions were selected by using the power core program to constitute a core collection consisting of 278 accessions. Mean comparisons using t-test, Nei's diversity index of 10 morphological descriptors and correlation coefficients among traits indicated that the existing genetic variation for these traits in the entire collection has been preserved in the core collection. The results from this study will provide effective information for future germplasm conservation and improvement programs in sesame.

Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Linkage Disequilibrium of an Association-Mapping Panel Revealed by Genome-Wide SNP Markers in Sesame

“…Bisht et al (1998) reported that 6,658 accessions were conserved in the Indian collection alone. In South Korea, the number of germplasm accessions has reached 7,698 (Park et al, 2015). In China, two sets of sesame germplasm collections are preserved by the Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (OCRI-CAAS), and by the Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (HSRC-HAAS).…”

The Emerging Oilseed Crop Sesamum indicum Enters the “Omics” Era

“…Since these genebanks harbor important quantity of genetic resources, it is important to establish core collections (CC) which is a favored approach for the efficient exploration and utilization of novel variations in genetic resources (Hodgkin et al, 1995). In this vein, researches on sesame CC establishment have been conducted resulting in 362 accessions for Indian germplasm (Bisht et al, 1998), 453 accessions for Chinese germplasm (Zhang et al, 2000) and 278 accessions for Korean germplasm (Park et al, 2015). These are the reservoirs of genetic resources for the present and future sesame improvement programs.…”

“…Thanks to the meaningful efforts of the scientific community in sesame germplasm collection, characterization and conservation, huge genetic materials of cultivated sesame along with wild related species are currently preserved in several genebanks around the world mainly in Asia ( Zhang Y. et al, 2012 ) ( Table 2 ). The principal genebanks of sesame held in India (NBPGR National Gene Bank), in South Korea (National Agrobiodiversity Center, Rural Development Administration; Park et al, 2015 ), in China (Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Wei et al, 2015 ) and in United States (USDA, ARS, PGRU), have preserved about 25,000 genetic materials ( Table 2 ). Moreover, several small-scale genebanks exist in some African countries including Nigeria, Ethiopia, Sudan, etc.…”

Current Research Trends and Prospects for Yield and Quality Improvement in Sesame, an Important Oilseed Crop

“…The earlier study investigated 12 agronomic traits in 2,246 sesame accessions from ten agroclimatic zones preserved in the Rural Development Administration (RDA) Genebank in Korea, establishing a core collection of 475 accessions (Kang et al, 2006). To date, 7,698 sesame accessions are stored at RDA (Park et al, 2015). Park et al (2015) established a core collection of 278 sesame accessions at RDA Genebank from 2,751 accessions collected from 15 countries.…”

“…To date, 7,698 sesame accessions are stored at RDA (Park et al, 2015). Park et al (2015) established a core collection of 278 sesame accessions at RDA Genebank from 2,751 accessions collected from 15 countries. The core set was prepared based on 10 quantitative and five qualitative traits.…”