Development and evaluation of a multi‐class analytical method based on solid‐phase extraction combined with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in urban wastewater samples

Abstract

An analytical method has been developed for the quantitative evaluation of 64 pharmaceuticals and personal care products in urban wastewater using solid‐phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Design of experiments approach was used in the multiparametric optimization of solid‐phase extraction method for the analysis of pharmaceuticals and personal care products. The method was found to be linear within the range of 0.01–1 μg/L with coefficient of determination (R2) ranging from 0.990 to 0.999. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be in the range of 0.002–0.028 and 0.007–0.091 μg/L, respectively. The accuracy was calculated with respect to percent recovery, and it was found to be in the range of 70.0–129% for all the analytes. The intra‐ and interday precisions were found to be less than 15% relative standard deviation for all the analytes. The developed analytical method was applied to real samples collected from four different sampling sites of Musi River in Hyderabad to evaluate its performance. The method found a wide application for the analysis of urban wastewater samples.

Development of liquid chromatography‐triple quadrupole mass spectrometric method for the quantitative determination of a novel adjuvant, Imidazoquinoline gallamide in aluminum hydroxide gel‐Imidazoquinoline gallamide and COVAXIN

“…The method was validated for specificity, sensitivity (detection limit and quantitation limit), linearity or range, accuracy or recovery, robustness, and precision was carried for the developed method according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2R1 guidelines [19][20][21].…”

Development, validation, and measurement uncertainty estimation of automated micro‐solid‐phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography‐triple quadrupole mass spectrometry for the quantitative determination of anti‐tuberculosis drugs in milk samples

“…Therefore, eliminating interferences from the matrix and achieving satisfactory recoveries without difficulty by eliminating time‐consuming steps is a prime requirement in food analysis and this will be possible only with the use of suitable sample preparation. Different sample preparation techniques like liquid‐liquid extraction [15], solid‐phase extraction (SPE) [16], solid‐phase microextraction [17], magnetic SPE [18], dispersive SPE ( d ‐SPE) [19], liquid‐phase microextraction [20], quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) [21] and dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction (DLLME) [22] have been used for the sample preparation of the food and biological samples. However, recent efforts are moving towards the automation in the sample preparation approaches which can effectively remove the matrix interferences and ultimately results in high extraction yields with minimal cost and less use of toxic organic solvents.…”