Development and effectiveness of parent skills training intervention for Indian families having children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Shah, Ruchita; Sharma, Akhilesh; Grover, Sandeep; Sachdeva, Diksha; Chakrabarti, Subho

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102762

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

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“…There is evidence that parent skills training interventions can reduce impulsivity in youth with externalizing disorders. For example, one pre-post study of a structured parent skill training intervention found that parent-rated impulsivity of children with ADHD significantly improved after completion of the intervention ( 47 ). Therefore, modifications in the family environment may have also been responsible for the reduced impulsivity observed among the SNAP participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Intervention for Youth With High Externalizing Behaviors and Aggression Is Associated With Improvement in Impulsivity and Brain Gray Matter Volume Changes

Kolla

Smaragdi²,

Gainham

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Background: Stop, Now And Plan (SNAP) is a cognitive behavioral-based psychosocial intervention that has a strong evidence base for treating youth with high aggression and externalizing behaviors, many of whom have disruptive behavior disorders. In a pre-post design, we tested whether SNAP could improve externalizing behaviors, assessed by the parent-rated Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and also improve behavioral measures of impulsivity in children with high aggression and impulsivity. We then investigated whether any improvement in externalizing behavior or impulsivity was associated with gray matter volume (GMV) changes assessed using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). We also recruited typically developing youth who were assessed twice without undergoing the SNAP intervention.Methods: Ten children who were participating in SNAP treatment completed the entire study protocol. CBCL measures, behavioral measures of impulsivity, and sMRI scanning was conducted pre-SNAP and then 13 weeks later post-SNAP. Twelve healthy controls also completed the study; they were rated on the CBCL, performed the same behavioral measure of impulsivity, and underwent sMRI twice, separated by 13 weeks. They did not receive the SNAP intervention.Result: At baseline, SNAP participants had higher CBCL scores and performed worse on the impulsivity task compared with the healthy controls. At the second visit, SNAP participants still had higher scores on the CBCL compared with normally-developing controls, but their performance on the impulsivity task had improved to the point where their results were indistinguishable from the healthy controls. Structural magnetic resonance imaging in the SNAP participants further revealed that improvements in impulsivity were associated with GMV changes in the frontotemporal region.Conclusion: These results suggest that SNAP led to improvement in behavioral measures of impulsivity in a cohort of boys with high externalizing behavior. Improvement in impulsivity was also associated with increased GMV changes. The mechanism behind these brain changes is unknown but could relate to cognitive behavioral therapy and contingency management interventions, important components of SNAP, that target frontotemporal brain regions. Clinically, this study offers new evidence for the potential targeting of brain regions by non-invasive modalities, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, to improve externalizing behavior and impulsivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Intervention for Youth With High Externalizing Behaviors and Aggression Is Associated With Improvement in Impulsivity and Brain Gray Matter Volume Changes

Kolla

Smaragdi²,

Gainham

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Parental Cognitions, Treatment Engagement, and Child Outcomes of ADHD Behavioral Treatment among Asian American Families

Chung,

Williams,

Owens

et al. 2023

Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol

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Enhancing Social Cognition in Individuals With ADHD

Rajan,

Alexander

2024

Principles and Clinical Interventions in Social Cognition

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With the increasing prevalence of ADHD in the global front, it is essential to explore different effective methods for providing support and intervention. The difficulties with social cognition are reflected in their limitations in emotional self-regulation, emotion recognition, and empathy. Though several interventions exist for ADHD, many at times, the effectiveness of eastern approaches are overlooked due to the limited awareness about its nature. Research suggests that systematic and regular practice of yoga helps to improve attention, control emotion, and reduce restlessness among them. Several asanas are found to be especially helpful for managing ADHD symptoms including cobra (bhujangasana) pose, cat-cow pose (bitilasana marjaryasana), downward-facing dog (adho mukha shvanasana), tree pose (vrikshasana), mountain pose (tadasana), among many others. The chapter gives a comprehensive summary on the application of yoga techniques on the improvement of social cognition in individuals with ADHD.

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Development and effectiveness of parent skills training intervention for Indian families having children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Psychosocial Intervention for Youth With High Externalizing Behaviors and Aggression Is Associated With Improvement in Impulsivity and Brain Gray Matter Volume Changes

Psychosocial Intervention for Youth With High Externalizing Behaviors and Aggression Is Associated With Improvement in Impulsivity and Brain Gray Matter Volume Changes

Parental Cognitions, Treatment Engagement, and Child Outcomes of ADHD Behavioral Treatment among Asian American Families

Enhancing Social Cognition in Individuals With ADHD

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