Development and disintegration of tapetum-specific lipid-accumulating organelles, elaioplasts and tapetosomes, in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus

Suzuki, Toshiya; Tsunekawa, Sonomi; Koizuka, Chie; Yamamoto, Kazuki; Imamura, Jun; Nakamura, Kenzo; Ishiguro, Sumie

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.02.008

Cited by 37 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Tapetosomes are relatively large lipid-rich organelles that contain oleosin, flavonoids, and alkanes, usually considered as cisternae-like vesicles derived from the ER (Ross and Murphy 1996;Ruiter et al 1997;Wu et al 1997;Murphy and Ross 1998;Huang 2005, 2007;Suzuki et al 2013). The large polysaccharide vesicles described in H. dulcis cannot be regarded as tapetosomes since they present a different origin and composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen and microsporangium development in Hovenia dulcis (Rhamnaceae): a different type of tapetal cell ultrastructure

et al. 2015

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Despite that there is some literature on pollen morphology of Rhamnaceae, studies addressing general aspects of the microsporogenesis, microgametogenesis, and anther development are rare. The aim of this paper is to describe the ultrastructure of pollen grain ontogeny with special attention to tapetum cytology in Hovenia dulcis. Anthers at different stages of development were processed for transmission and scanning electron microscopy, bright-field microscopy, and fluorescence microscopy. Different histochemical reactions were carried out. The ultrastructural changes observed during the development of the tapetal cells and pollen grains are described. Large vesicles containing carbohydrates occur in the tapetal cell cytoplasm during the early stages of pollen development. Its origin and composition are described and discussed. This is the first report on the ontogeny and ultrastructure of the pollen grain and related sporophytic structures of H. dulcis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen and microsporangium development in Hovenia dulcis (Rhamnaceae): a different type of tapetal cell ultrastructure

et al. 2015

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“…7, A, B, D, and E). At stages 8 and 9, the tapetal cells developed two main organelles, the plastid-derived elaioplasts and the ER-derived tapetosomes, which could release lipids and other materials on the surface of the pollen-forming pollen coat (Suzuki et al, 2013). The elaioplasts of wild-type tapetal cells contained many electron-translucent lipid plastoglobules at stage 9 (Fig.…”

Section: Atsec31b-gfp Is a Functional Copii Componentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Secretory COPII Protein SEC31B Is Required for Pollen Wall Development

et al. 2016

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The pollen wall protects pollen grains from abiotic and biotic stresses. During pollen wall development, tapetal cells play a vital role by secreting proteins, signals, and pollen wall material to ensure microspore development. But the regulatory mechanism underlying the secretory pathway of the tapetum is largely unknown. Here, we characterize the essential role of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) COPII protein SECRETORY31B (SEC31B) in pollen wall development and the secretory activity of tapetal cells. The sporophyte-controlled atsec31b mutant exhibits severe pollen and seed abortion. Transmission electron microscopy observation indicates that pollen exine formation in the atsec31b mutant is disrupted significantly. AtSEC31B is a functional COPII protein revealed by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit site localization, interaction with AtSEC13A, and retarded ER-Golgi protein trafficking in the atsec31b mutant. A genetic tapetum-specific rescue assay indicates that AtSEC31B functions primarily in the tapetum. Moreover, deletion of AtSEC31B interrupted the formation of the ER-derived tapetosome and altered the location of the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER9 protein in the tapetum. Therefore, this work demonstrates that AtSEC31B plays a vital role in pollen wall development by regulating the secretory pathway of the tapetal cells.

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“…At the uni-nucleate microspore stage, wild-type tapetal cells possessed abundant endoplasmic reticulum and secretory vesicles. Lipid droplets (Figure 3E) began to accumulate in tapetal plastids (proplast, the precursor of elaioplast) as plastoglobuli (Suzuki et al, 2013). In SP2S anthers, however, some cavities were observed in plastids (Figure 3F, Arrowhead) and the tapetal plastids and endoplasmic reticulum were significantly reduced.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In SP2S anthers, however, some cavities were observed in plastids (Figure 3F, Arrowhead) and the tapetal plastids and endoplasmic reticulum were significantly reduced. By the vacuolated microspore stage, tapetal cells in wild-type plants contained many elaioplasts that were full of plastoglobuli that contained nonosmiophilic bodies (Suzuki et al, 2013; Figure 3G). No obvious lipid accumulated in the SP2S tapetum; elaioplasts formed occasionally, but ruptured early (Figure 3H).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGMS in Rapeseed (Brassica napus) Resulted in Aberrant Transcriptional Regulation, Asynchronous Microsporocyte Meiosis, Defective Tapetum, and Fused Sexine

Liu

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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The thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) line SP2S is a spontaneous rapeseed mutation with several traits that are favorable for the production of two-line hybrids. To uncover the key cellular events and genetic regulation associated with TGMS expression, a combined study using cytological observation, transcriptome profiling, and gene expression analysis was conducted for SP2S and its near-isogenic line SP2F grown under warm conditions. Asynchronous microsporocyte meiosis and abnormal tapetal plastids and elaioplasts were demonstrated in the anther of SP2S. The tetrad microspore did not undergo mitosis before the cytoplasm degenerated. Delayed degradation of the tetrad wall, which led to tetrad microspore aggregation, resulted in postponement of sexine (outer layer of pollen exine) formation and sexine fusion in the tetrad. The nexine (foot layer of exine) was also absent. The delay of tetrad wall degradation and abnormality of the exine structure suggested that the defective tapetum lost important functions. Based on transcriptomic comparisons between young flower buds of SP2S and SP2F plants, a total of 465 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) were identified, including 303 up-regulated DETs and 162 down-regulated DETs in SP2S. Several genes encoding small RNA degrading nuclease 2, small RNA 2′-O-methyltransferase, thioredoxin reductase 2, regulatory subunit A alpha isoform of serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A, glycine rich protein 1A, transcription factor bHLH25, leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase At3g14840 like, and fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins FLA19 and FLA20 were greatly depressed in SP2S. Interestingly, a POLLENLESS3-LIKE 2 gene encoding the Arabidopsis MS5 homologous protein, which is necessary for microsporocyte meiosis, was down-regulated in SP2S. Other genes that were up-regulated in SP2S encoded glucanase A6, ethylene-responsive transcription factor 1A-like, pollen-specific SF3, stress-associated endoplasmic reticulum protein 2, WRKY transcription factors and pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein At1g07590. The tapetum-development-related genes, including BnEMS1, BnDYT1, and BnAMS, were slightly up-regulated in 3-mm-long flower buds or their anthers, and their downstream genes, BnMS1 and BnMYB80, which affect callose dissolution and exine formation, were greatly up-regulated in SP2S. This aberrant genetic regulation corresponded well with the cytological abnormalities. The results suggested that expression of TGMS associates with complex transcriptional regulation.

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Development and disintegration of tapetum-specific lipid-accumulating organelles, elaioplasts and tapetosomes, in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus

Cited by 37 publications

References 41 publications

Pollen and microsporangium development in Hovenia dulcis (Rhamnaceae): a different type of tapetal cell ultrastructure

Pollen and microsporangium development in Hovenia dulcis (Rhamnaceae): a different type of tapetal cell ultrastructure

Secretory COPII Protein SEC31B Is Required for Pollen Wall Development

TGMS in Rapeseed (Brassica napus) Resulted in Aberrant Transcriptional Regulation, Asynchronous Microsporocyte Meiosis, Defective Tapetum, and Fused Sexine

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