Development and comorbidity of eczema, asthma and rhinitis to age 12 – data from the BAMSE birth cohort

Abstract

Background: Allergy-related diseases are a public health issue but knowledge on

Predictive Factors for Clinical Response to Allergy Immunotherapy in Children with Asthma and Rhinitis

“…>1 year in our research), the structure and function of the lungs already display some irreversible damage; this would reduce the effectiveness of AIT and increase the need for long-term medical control. Recently, research showed that parental allergy is associated with increased allergic comorbidity and more persistent allergic diseases in children, and that this effect can also depend on the sex of the child [27,28]. In our research, we found that a positive atopic family history was an independent risk factor for ineffective clinical responses to AIT, but we found no significant differences with regard to the age of patients with an effective and an ineffective clinical response to AIT.…”

Paediatric rhinitis: position paper of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

“…Asthma Asthma frequently coexists with AR being seen in half to three quarter of children and teenagers with asthma in a range of studies (37)(38)(39)(40). Asthma is similarly associated with nonallergic rhinitis as demonstrated by the COPSAC highrisk birth cohort (41).…”

Fish consumption in infancy and development of allergic disease up to age 12 y

“…Rhinitis at 1 and 2 y of age was defined as prolonged rhinitis symptoms for $2 mo in the past 12 mo; rhinitis at 4, 8, and 12 y of age was defined as prolonged sneezing or a runny or blocked nose without a common cold in the past 12 mo (27). Eczema was defined as dry skin in combination with an itchy rash for $2 wk at typical localization (at 1, 2, and 4 y of age: face or arm/leg-extension surfaces or arm/leg flexures or wrist/ankle flexures; at 8 and 12 y of age: face or arm/leg flexures or wrist/ankle or neck) in the past 12 mo or doctor's diagnosis of eczema during the past 12 mo at 1, 2, and 8 y or cortisone ointment during the past 12 mo at 4 y (27). Incident disease was defined as fulfilling the diagnosis of disease at the respective age, as previously described, without fulfilling the definition at any previous follow-up.…”

“…asthma at 4, 8, and 12 y of age was defined as $4 episodes of wheeze in the past 12 mo or at least one episode in the same time period in combination with occasional or regular use of prescribed inhaled steroids (27). Rhinitis at 1 and 2 y of age was defined as prolonged rhinitis symptoms for $2 mo in the past 12 mo; rhinitis at 4, 8, and 12 y of age was defined as prolonged sneezing or a runny or blocked nose without a common cold in the past 12 mo (27).…”

“…asthma at 4, 8, and 12 y of age was defined as $4 episodes of wheeze in the past 12 mo or at least one episode in the same time period in combination with occasional or regular use of prescribed inhaled steroids (27). Rhinitis at 1 and 2 y of age was defined as prolonged rhinitis symptoms for $2 mo in the past 12 mo; rhinitis at 4, 8, and 12 y of age was defined as prolonged sneezing or a runny or blocked nose without a common cold in the past 12 mo (27). Eczema was defined as dry skin in combination with an itchy rash for $2 wk at typical localization (at 1, 2, and 4 y of age: face or arm/leg-extension surfaces or arm/leg flexures or wrist/ankle flexures; at 8 and 12 y of age: face or arm/leg flexures or wrist/ankle or neck) in the past 12 mo or doctor's diagnosis of eczema during the past 12 mo at 1, 2, and 8 y or cortisone ointment during the past 12 mo at 4 y (27).…”