Development and Characterization of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems for Diltiazem Hydrochloride

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery system of diltiazem hydrochloride was developed to obtain a prolonged controlled drug delivery. Both the matrix diffusion controlled (MDC) and membrane permeation controlled (MPC) systems were developed. The matrix diffusion controlled systems used various combinations of hydrophilic and lipophillic polymers, whereas membrane permeation controlled systems were developed using the natural polymer chitosan. The MDC systems were prepared using the cast film method and the MPC systems by an adhesive sealing technique. Both the systems were characterized for in vitro and in vivo performance. The MDC systems were characterized for physicochemical properties such as tensile strength, moisture content, and water vapor transmission. The in vitro release studies showed that the release from the matrix diffusion controlled transdermal drug delivery systems follows a nonfickian pattern and that from the membrane permeation controlled transdermal drug delivery systems follow zero-order kinetics. The release from the matrix systems increased on increasing the hydrophilic polymer concentration, but the release from the membrane systems decrease on cross-linking of the rate controlling membrane and also on addition of citric acid to the chitosan drug reservoir gel. The in vivo studies of the selected systems showed that both systems are capable of achieving the effective plasma concentration for a prolonged period of time. The MPC system achieved effective plasma concentration a little more slowly than the MDC system, but it exhibited a more steady state plasma level for 24 hr.

Evaluation of polymerized rosin for the formulation and development of transdermal drug delivery system: A technical note

“…DTH has been already investigated for transdermal delivery. 20,21 In the present study, PR patches were prepared with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) using DTH as drug model. These patches were evaluated for moisture content, water absorption, mechanical properties, in vitro drug release and in vitro skin permeation studies.…”

Hydrogels and Their Combination with Liposomes, Niosomes, or Transfersomes for Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery

“…The in vivo permeation studies in rat model signified the prospective of this polymer to deliver effective concentration of drug for a prolonged period of time [46]. Several studies were also reported wherein chitosan-based hydrogel transdermal systems have been successfully utilized [47]. Hydrogels of this polymer prepared by physical crosslinking method were utilized for transdermal delivery of propranolol [48].…”

Diltiazem Hcl: Evaluation of Its Presence in Bangladesh

“…This drug delivery system of diltiazem HCL can be developed to deliver the drug so that a constant effective plasma drug concentration could be maintained for prolonged periods of time. Transdermal drug delivery system is a highly investigated drug delivery system of a number of drugs and many transdermal drug delivery systems of different drugs are commercialized 38 . This method provides many advantages over conventional administration including enhanced efficacy, increased safety, greater convenience and improved patient compliance.…”