Development and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Ceramic Substrates with High Dielectric Permittivities

Freitas, Antonio E.; Manhabosco, Taíse Matte; Batista, Ronaldo J. C.; Segundo, Alan Kardek Rêgo; Araujo, H. X.; Araújo, Fernando Gabriel Silva; Costa, Adilson Rodrigues da

doi:10.3390/ma13020386

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Here, even if the use of substrates of larger sizes increases the efficiency of the MPA, it may cause negative effects such as interference [ 14 ]. Therefore, we kept the dimensions of each 4 different substrates constant with an optimized scale, as seen in Table 1 .…”

Section: Sub-6 Ghz Antenna Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate Analysis on the Design of Wide-Band Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Communication

Tütüncü

Kösem

2022

Wireless Pers Commun

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While copper is overwhelmingly used as the radiated part in microstrip antenna design studies, the choice of dielectric material offers a wide range of possibilities. At high frequencies, the effect of substrate permittivity on antenna performance is dramatically higher than low frequency microstrip antennas. For this purpose, in this study, a discussion on 4 different dielectric substrates to increase the overall efficiency of conventional sub-6 GHz 5G microstrip antenna is presented. A reference rectangular patch is modeled on FR4, Arlon AD300C, Rogers RO4003C and Mica substrates respectively. The radiating patch sizes are calculated and modeled for each dielectric substrate separately and then optimized for 5.65 GHz. Finally, gain and bandwidth analysis are performed with the help of CST Studio. Arlon AD300C, which is revealed to be the best in performance criteria analysis, is used for the proposed antenna fabrication and the simulated results are verified by bandwidth and gain measurements in a fully anechoic chamber. Finally, the advantages of the proposed antenna over some Sub-6 GHz 5G antennas with randomly selected substrates are confirmed by a comparative table.

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Section: Sub-6 Ghz Antenna Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate Analysis on the Design of Wide-Band Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Communication

Tütüncü

Kösem

2022

Wireless Pers Commun

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“…The grains which are illustrated in inset-2 and inset-3 of Figure 1 exhibit length of 600-1500 nm and width of 60-130 nm. In general, grains are composed of collection of small crystallites 16,17 lines/cm 2 . Compared to other nanoscale materials 17,18 , the defect density of CdBr 2 films is comparable.…”

Section: Structural and Morphological Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Au/Cdbr2/Au as Negative Capacitance Devices and as Band Filters Suitable for 4G Technologies

Qasrawi

Hamarsheh

2021

Mat. Res.

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Herein, cadmium bromide thin film devices are designed for possible use in communication technology. The 1.0 m µ thin layer of CdBr 2 is sandwiched between two Au (1.0 m µ thick) layers using the thermal evaporation technique under a vacuum pressure of 10 -5 mbar. The Au/CdBr 2 /Au devices are structurally morphologically and electrically characterized. It is observed that the hexagonal cadmium bromide exhibits large lattice mismatches with cubic Au substrates. The randomly distributed nanorod like grains is accompanied with average surface roughness of ~26 nm. When an ac signal of low amplitude is imposed between the terminals of the Au/CdBr 2 /Au devices, a negative capacitance effect in the frequency domain of 10-1800 MHz is observed. In addition, analysis of the impedance spectra in the same domain has shown that the device behaves as band pass/stop filters suitable for 4G technology. The microwave based standard analysis of the Au/CdBr 2 /Au band filters have shown that it displays a notch ( co f ) frequency of 2.0 GHz. The cutoff frequency at co f reaches 7.86 GHz. The features of the Au/CdBr 2 /Au devices nominate it for use as microwave resonators and as negative capacitance devices suitable for; 4G technology, noise reduction and for parasitic capacitance cancellation.

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“…The dielectric constant (ε) of Cr 2 O 3 at room temperature in the wide-frequency region (100 Hz to 30 MHz, i.e., frequency-dependent) varies between 350 and 25 (i.e., the value decreases with an increase in frequency) [14]. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is another dielectric material that has been extensively investigated for the fabrication of radiofrequency and microwave components [15], and it is an n-type semiconductor, but has the potential to be a p-type in undoped form (from bulk to nano-level crystal) [16,17]. There are three normal crystal phases for TiO 2 material with different band gaps (i) brookite (3.0 to 3.6 eV), (ii) anatase (3.2 eV), and (iii) rutile (3.0 eV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale manufacturing route to metamaterial coatings using thermal spray techniques and their response to solar radiation

et al. 2021

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Metamaterials, an artificial periodic two- or three-dimensional configuration, can change propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves (i.e., reflection, transmission, absorption). The current challenges in the field of metamaterial coatings are their manufacturing in a large-scale and large-length scale. There is a clear need to enhance process technologies and scalability of these. Thermal spraying is a method used to deposit small- to large-scale coatings where the sprayed layer is typically formed by the successive impact of fully or partially molten particles of a material exposed to various process conditions. This work aims to investigate the feasibility to manufacture large scale metamaterial coatings using the thermal spray technique and examine their response to solar radiation. Two types of coatings namely, Cr2O3 and TiO2, were deposited onto various substrates (e.g., steel, aluminium, glass, indium tin oxide (ITO)–coated glass) with a fine wire mesh (143 µm and 1 mm aperture sizes) as the masking sheet to manipulate the surface pattern using suspension high-velocity oxy-fuel thermal spraying (S-HVOF) and atmospheric plasma-sprayed (APS) methods, respectively. Post deposition, their responses subjected to electromagnetic wave (between 250 and 2500 nm or ultraviolet (UV)-visible (Vis)-infrared (IR) region) were characterised. The additional microstructural characterisation was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), three-dimensional profilometry, and optical spectroscopy. It is demonstrated that through novel application of thermal spray techniques, large-scale manufacturing of metamaterial coating is possible, and such material can affect electromagnetic wave propagation. Comparison between Cr2O3 and TiO2 coatings on aluminium substrates showed reduced three orders of reduced reflectance for Cr2O3 coatings (for 1-mm aperture size) throughout the spectrum. It was concluded that for a similar bandgap, Cr2O3 coatings on aluminium substrate will yield improved optical performance than TiO2 coating, and hence more useful to fabricate opto-electronic devices. Graphical abstract

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Development and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Ceramic Substrates with High Dielectric Permittivities

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Substrate Analysis on the Design of Wide-Band Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Communication

Substrate Analysis on the Design of Wide-Band Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Communication

Design of Au/Cdbr2/Au as Negative Capacitance Devices and as Band Filters Suitable for 4G Technologies

Large-scale manufacturing route to metamaterial coatings using thermal spray techniques and their response to solar radiation

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