Development and characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by cashew tree residues as alternative carbon source

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been extensively exploited for applications in materials science, biomedical and technological fields. The BC production demands culture media rich in carbon sources. Agro-forestry residues constitute an interesting source of nutrients for microorganism, but they are frequently wasted. For cashew crop, exudate is periodically extracted from the tree trunks to increase the production of cashew nut, the most valuable product from cashew trees that produces about 700 g of exudate/year, which remains wasted. Here, we associated the nutritional properties of residues from cashew tree with the need of carbon sources for BC, in attempt to valorize the residue and to decrease the costs of BC production. The carbon source from Hestrin Schramm culture medium was totally or partially replaced by cashew tree residues and the BC production was evaluated. The produced BC membrane in static medium was characterized by FTIR, SEM and TGA and the kinetics of production was determined, suggesting the cashew tree residues as a potential carbon source for BC production.

Komagataeibacter rhaeticus grown in sugarcane molasses-supplemented culture medium as a strategy for enhancing bacterial cellulose production

“…The high cost of culture media for BC production lead us to propose some strategies to overcome this drawback aiming its industrial production. So, the use of residues or by-products from agroforest and food industry as carbon and nitrogen sources for new compositions of culture media allow us to reduce the cost of BC production besides maintaining the high quality of produced BC (Pacheco et al, 2017). Jahan et al (2018) showed that using crude distillery effluent the maximum of BC production by Gluconacetobacter oboediens was 8.5 g/L.…”

Rice Bran, an Alternative Nitrogen Source for Acetobacter xylinum Bacterial Cellulose Synthesis

“…(Wu et al 2016), thereby requiring further purification to obtain the pure cellulose, hence affecting the cost of production. This has led to a shift in focus to bacterial or enzymatic cellulose production (Islam et al 2017) Gluconacetobacter, Acetobacter, and Komagataeibacter genera have been found to be the best cellulose producers within the bacteria kingdom (Illeghems et al 2016;Pacheco et al 2017) with Acetobacter giving the purest and highest fibril yield (Franz and Blaschek 1990). The cellulose produced by these microorganisms, known as bacterial cellulose (BC) is obtained as a gel-like three-dimensional mat formed by entangled nanofibrils of cellulose (Pacheco et al 2017).…”

“…This has led to a shift in focus to bacterial or enzymatic cellulose production (Islam et al 2017) Gluconacetobacter, Acetobacter, and Komagataeibacter genera have been found to be the best cellulose producers within the bacteria kingdom (Illeghems et al 2016;Pacheco et al 2017) with Acetobacter giving the purest and highest fibril yield (Franz and Blaschek 1990). The cellulose produced by these microorganisms, known as bacterial cellulose (BC) is obtained as a gel-like three-dimensional mat formed by entangled nanofibrils of cellulose (Pacheco et al 2017). Structurally, BC is composed of a dense and well-organized three-dimensional network of fibrils that forms porous sheets with higher crystallinity, thermal stability, and mechanical strength far superior to plant cellulose (Stumpf et al 2018).…”

“…This proposed culture media was composed of glucose, yeast extract, peptone, and mineral salts (Schramm and Hestrin 1954). Throughout the years, many modifications have been made to the proposed composition of HS medium, such as the use of mono and disaccharides such as fructose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, xylose, galactose, and alditols, which have been successfully used as carbon sources (Esa et al 2014;Pacheco et al 2017). Other methods that have also been proposed were the use of industrial wastes or by-products from agroforest and food industry BC production (Carreira et al 2011).…”

“…Other methods that have also been proposed were the use of industrial wastes or by-products from agroforest and food industry BC production (Carreira et al 2011). Typical examples of industrial waste and agro-forest used in BC production included Konjac powder (Lin et al 2014), beet molasses (Pacheco et al 2017), sugar-cane molasses (Costa et al 2017), and corn steep liquor (Li et al 2016), as a source of carbon, nitrogen, and other nutrients.…”