Development and characterization of a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll" id="d1e646" altimg="si9.gif"><mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi></mml:math>E-TOF detector prototype for the FOOT experiment

Morrocchi, M.; Ciarrocchi, Esther; Alexandrov, A.; Alpat, B.; Ambrosi, G.; Argirò, S.; Díaz, Raúl Arteche; Bartosik, N.; Battistoni, G.; Belcari, Nicola; Bertazzoni, Matteo; Biondi, S.; Bruni, G.; Camarlinghi, N.; Carra, P.; Cerello, Piergiorgio; Clozza, A.; Colombi, S.; Lellis, G. De; Guerra, Alberto Del; Simoni, Micol De; Crescenzo, A. Di; Donetti, M.; Dong, Yunsheng; Durante, Marco; Embriaco, Alessia; Emde, M. von der; Faccini, R.; Ferrero, Veronica; Ferroni, F.; Fiandrini, E.; Finck, C.; Fiorina, Elisa; Fischetti, M.; Francesconi, M.; Franchini, M.; Galli, L.; Garbini, M.; Valerio, Guido; Giraudo, G.; Hetzel, R.; Hild, Sebastian; Ionica, M.; Kanxheri, K.; Kraan, A.; Lante, Valeria; Lauria, A.; Tessa, Chiara La; Torres, E. López; Marafini, M.; Mattei, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Mirabelli, R.; Montesi, M.C.; Morone, M. C.; Muraro, S.; Narici, L.; Pastore, A.; Pastrone, N.; Patera, V.; Pennazio, Francesco; Placidi, P.; Pullia, M.; Ramello, L.; Ridolfi, R.; Rosso, V.; Rovituso, Marta; Sanelli, C.; Sarti, A.; Sartorelli, G.; Sato, Osamu; Savazzi, S.; Scavarda, L.; Schiavi, A.; Schuy, Christoph; Scifoni, E.; Sciubba, A.; Selvi, M.; Servoli, L.; Silvestre, G.; Sitta, M.; Spighi, R.; Spiriti, E.; Sportelli, Giancarlo; Stahl, A.; Tomassini, S.; Tommasino, Francesco; Traini, G.; Tioukov, V.; Valle, S.M.; Vanstalle, M.; Weber, Ulrich; Zoccoli, À.; Bisogni, Maria Giuseppina

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2018.09.086

Cited by 8 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the following sections a general description of these detectors will be provided. A detailed review of the technologies employed by the detectors and their measured performances will be reported in dedicated papers, whereas some of them have been already published [35].…”

Section: The Foot Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Tof-Wall detector (TW) is composed of two layers of 20 plastic scintillator bars (EJ-200 by Eljen Technology), arranged orthogonally and wrapped with reflective aluminum and darkening black tape [35,53]. Each bar is 0.3 cm thick, 2 cm wide and 44 cm long.…”

Section: Tof Wall Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 1024 samples are collected for each signal allowing to record the whole waveform, and to extract offline the time and the charge information. The thickness of the bars and the selected readout chain, have been chosen to meet the FOOT requirements of a TOF resolution better than 100 ps and an energy loss resolution σ(ΔE)/ΔE x 5%, for the heavier fragments [35]. Thanks to the high number (4 × 14400) of pixels per channel of the SiPM, this setup is able to guarantee a dynamic range spanning over two orders of magnitude and allow the identification of fragments with significantly different energy release (from proton to oxygen with different kinetic energies).…”

Section: Tof Wall Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thanks to the high number (4 × 14400) of pixels per channel of the SiPM, this setup is able to guarantee a dynamic range spanning over two orders of magnitude and allow the identification of fragments with significantly different energy release (from proton to oxygen with different kinetic energies). Finally, the high precision time measurement can be used to reconstruct the hit position along the bar [35] with a precision σ pos < 8 mm, better than the one achievable only exploiting the information about the bars crossing, an important information used to reduce the combinatorial association of multiple fragments in the front and rear side of the TW in the offline reconstruction.…”

Section: Tof Wall Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring the Impact of Nuclear Interaction in Particle Therapy and in Radio Protection in Space: the FOOT Experiment

Battistoni¹,

Toppi²,

Patera³

2021

Front. Phys.

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In Charged Particle Therapy (PT) proton or 12C beams are used to treat deep-seated solid tumors exploiting the advantageous characteristics of charged particles energy deposition in matter. For such projectiles, the maximum of the dose is released at the end of the beam range, in the Bragg peak region, where the tumour is located. However, the nuclear interactions of the beam nuclei with the patient tissues can induce the fragmentation of projectiles and/or target nuclei and needs to be carefully taken into account when planning the treatment. In proton treatments, the target fragmentation produces low energy, short range fragments along all the beam path, that deposit a non-negligible dose especially in the first crossed tissues. On the other hand, in treatments performed using 12C, or other (4He or 16O) ions of interest, the main concern is related to the production of long range fragments that can release their dose in the healthy tissues beyond the Bragg peak. Understanding nuclear fragmentation processes is of interest also for radiation protection in human space flight applications, in view of deep space missions. In particular 4He and high-energy charged particles, mainly 12C, 16O, 28Si and 56Fe, provide the main source of absorbed dose in astronauts outside the atmosphere. The nuclear fragmentation properties of the materials used to build the spacecrafts need to be known with high accuracy in order to optimise the shielding against the space radiation. The study of the impact of these processes, which is of interest both for PT and space radioprotection applications, suffers at present from the limited experimental precision achieved on the relevant nuclear cross sections that compromise the reliability of the available computational models. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) collaboration, composed of researchers from France, Germany, Italy and Japan, designed an experiment to study these nuclear processes and measure the corresponding fragmentation cross sections. In this work we discuss the physics motivations of FOOT, describing in detail the present detector design and the expected performances, coming from the optimization studies based on accurate FLUKA MC simulations and preliminary beam test results. The measurements planned will be also presented.

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Section: The Foot Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tof Wall Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tof Wall Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tof Wall Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring the Impact of Nuclear Interaction in Particle Therapy and in Radio Protection in Space: the FOOT Experiment

Battistoni¹,

Toppi²,

Patera³

2021

Front. Phys.

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“…The production cross sections of the target fragments are a topic of great interest but poor data are available: the direct measurement of target fragments is extremely difficult due to the short range of produced secondaries that have low probability to escape the target. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment [7][8][9][10] plans to use a complex experimental setup and an inverse kinematic approach to investigate the target fragments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FLUKA simulation of target fragmentation in proton therapy

et al. 2020

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In proton therapy, secondary fragments are created in nuclear interactions of the beam with the target nuclei. The secondary fragments have low kinetic energies and high atomic numbers as compared to primary protons. Fragments have a high LET and deposit all their energy close to the generation point. For their characteristics, secondary fragments can alter the dose distribution and lead to an increase of RBE for the same delivered physical dose. Moreover, the radiobiological impact of target fragmentation is significant mostly in the region before the Bragg peak, where generally healthy tissues are present, and immediately after Bragg peak. Considering the high biological impact of those particles, especially in the case of healthy tissues or organs at risk, the inclusion of target fragmentation processes in the dose calculation of a treatment planning system can be relevant to improve the treatment accuracy and for this reason it is one of the major tasks of the MoVe IT project.In this study, Monte Carlo simulations were employed to fully characterize the mixed radiation field generated by target fragmentation in proton therapy. The dose averaged LET has been evaluated in case of a Spread Out Bragg Peak (SOBP). Starting from LET distribution, RBE has been evaluated with two different phenomenological models. In order to characterize the mixed radiation field, the production cross section has been evaluated by means of the FLUKA code. The future development of present work is to generate a MC database of fragments fluence to be included in TPS.

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Trends in particle and nuclei identification techniques in nuclear physics experiments

et al. 2022

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Particle identification techniques are fundamental tools in nuclear physics experiments. Discriminating particles or nuclei produced in nuclear interactions allows to better understand the underlying physics mechanisms. The energy interval of these reactions is very broad, from sub-eV up to TeV. For this reason, many different identification approaches have been developed, often combining two or more observables. This paper reviews several of these techniques with emphasis on the expertise gained within the current nuclear physics scientific program of the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN).

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Development and characterization of aΔE-TOF detector prototype for the FOOT experiment

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Measuring the Impact of Nuclear Interaction in Particle Therapy and in Radio Protection in Space: the FOOT Experiment

Measuring the Impact of Nuclear Interaction in Particle Therapy and in Radio Protection in Space: the FOOT Experiment

FLUKA simulation of target fragmentation in proton therapy

Trends in particle and nuclei identification techniques in nuclear physics experiments

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