Development and characterization of 3D-printed feed spacers for spiral wound membrane systems

Siddiqui, Amber; Farhat, Nadia; Bucs, Szilárd; Linares, Rodrigo Valladares; Picioreanu, Cristian; Kruithof, Joop C.; Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. van; Kidwell, J. R.; Vrouwenvelder, Johannes S.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2015.12.052

Cited by 106 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…For instance, West et al () had to assure an accurate quantification of biofilm related signals independent of the abundance of signals allocated to the feed spacer. OCT analysis could in future thus confirm and prove simulation approaches propagated recently by Siddiqui et al () as strategy for the optimization of feed spacer geometries.…”

Section: Oct In Biofilm Researchsupporting

confidence: 67%

Optical coherence tomography in biofilm research: A comprehensive review

Wagner

Horn

2017

Biotech & Bioengineering

142

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Imaging of biofilm systems is a prerequisite for a better understanding of both structure and its function. The review aims to critically discuss the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the visualization of the biofilm structure as well as its dynamic behavior. A short overview on common and well-known, established imaging techniques for biofilms such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), Raman microscopy (RM), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) paves the way to imaging biofilms at the mesoscale, which is perfectly covered by means of OCT. Principle, resolution, imaging velocity, and limitations of OCT are subsequently presented and discussed in the context of biofilm applications. Examples are provided showing the strength of this technique with respect to the visualization of the mesoscopic biofilm structure as well as the estimation of flow profiles and shear rates. Common and new structural parameters derived from OCT datasets are presented. Additionally, the review shows the importance of OCT with respect to a better description of mechanical biofilm properties. Finally, the implementation of multi-dimensional OCT datasets in biofilm modelling is shown by several examples aiming on an improved understanding of mass transfer at the bulk-biofilm interface. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1386-1402. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Oct In Biofilm Researchsupporting

confidence: 67%

Optical coherence tomography in biofilm research: A comprehensive review

Wagner

Horn

2017

Biotech & Bioengineering

142

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“…To solve this issue, in recent times, few studies are reported on the use of 3D printed spacer for spiral wound modules. Siddiqui et al . prepared the polyurethane‐based feed spacers for RO and NF system using Polyjet printing (Multijet printing).…”

Section: Membrane Preparation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Preparation of Porous Polymeric Membranes by Unique Techniques and Mitigation of Fouling through Surface Modification

et al. 2018

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In this review, modern techniques for the membrane preparation including 3D printing, phase separation micro molding, selective etching and self‐assembled and non‐solvent induced phase separation (SNIPS) are discussed. The article also takes account of traditional membrane preparation techniques such as phase inversion, sintering, track etching and electrospinning. Although, there is plenty of literature exists on the preparation and tailoring of membrane properties, there are still challenges to develop and establish a reliable membrane fabrication method with high flux, selectivity and anti‐fouling properties. Hydrophobic polymers are more prone to foul due to its low surface energy compared to hydrophilic polymers. Fouling resistance of membrane against microbes and proteins had been significantly improved by the use of nanoparticles, and modification with hydrophilic polymers. Mussel‐inspired coating and amyloid proteins are also recently found to have excellent antibacterial activity are also reviewed. Hence, a broad understanding of structure and properties is essential for further development and progress in membrane technology for water purification.

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“…Such device should be representative for conventionally used membrane modules, thus involving the used materials (properties and structure) such as membrane and spacer, the height of the flow channels and hydraulics. The membrane fouling simulator (MFS) was introduced in 2006 [4] and since then many articles have appeared on various research aspects of biofilm characterization [2,3,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], biofouling control [5,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], and strategies for early warning of biofouling [50][51][52][53][54][55] applying the developed MFS.…”

Section: Lh Kim Et Al / Desalination and Water Treatment 126 (2018mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies with phosphorus or phosphate limitation of microbial growth were observed for wastewater, rivers, surface and seawater, and drinking water [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75]. Recently, biofouling control by phosphate limitation has been demonstrated for membrane systems [42][43][44]. The common molar ratio for carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in microbial biomass is ~100:20:1.7 [76].…”

Section: Biofouling Inhibition By Phosphate Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MFS studies have been performed to evaluate feed spacers (i) as applied in practice, including varying spacer thickness [37], (ii) after modifications by hydrophilic, amphiphilic bactericidal and biocidal coatings [38,39,42], and with innovative geometries [29,44,48,86,87]. A novel strategy for a cost-effective development and evaluation of feed spacers was developed for biofouling and scaling control involving (i) numerical modeling, (ii) three-dimensional (3D) printing of spacers, and (iii) MFS testing of hydrodynamics and biofouling impact [43]. Siddiqui et al [43] designed 3D printed feed spacers with different geometries giving a low FCP and low biofouling impact on membrane performance.…”

Section: Impact Of Feed Spacer Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The membrane fouling simulator: development, application, and early-warning of biofouling in RO treatment

Kim¹,

Nava-Ocampo²,

Loosdrecht³

et al. 2018

dwt

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Kruithof, Joop C.; Vrouwenvelder, Johannes S. Citation Kim LH, Nava-Ocampo, M, van Loosdrecht MCM, Kruithof JC, Vrouwenvelder JS (2018) The membrane fouling simulator: development, application, and early-warning of biofouling in RO treatment. DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 126: 1-23. Available: http://dx. a b s t r a c tThe growing demand for fresh water has resulted in increasing use of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane systems for seawater desalination. A major operational problem of RO membrane filtration systems is biofouling -biomass growth causing an unacceptable membrane performance decline. Biofouling reduces the produced water quantity and quality and increases costs. The need for fouling remediation is mainly derived from destructive trial-and-error research with practical membrane modules. Therefore, a clear need existed for the development of a small-sized membrane fouling simulator (MFS) for systematic, low-cost studies. Since the introduction of the MFS in 2006, many articles have appeared which are evaluated in this review. The review describes (i) the location of biofouling in full-scale installations, (ii) development of MFS, (iii) characterization, reproducibility and representativeness of fouling development in the MFS, (iv) applications such as assessing the impact of anti-scalant or biocide dosage, phosphate limitation, feed spacer geometry and linear flow velocity and (v) early warning for biofouling. MFS studies have increased the understanding of biofouling and enabled improved practical membrane performance such as selection of dosed chemicals and feed spacer design. Future MFS studies are anticipated to enable the development of advanced biofouling control strategies.

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Development and characterization of 3D-printed feed spacers for spiral wound membrane systems

Cited by 106 publications

References 72 publications

Optical coherence tomography in biofilm research: A comprehensive review

Optical coherence tomography in biofilm research: A comprehensive review

Recent Advances in Preparation of Porous Polymeric Membranes by Unique Techniques and Mitigation of Fouling through Surface Modification

The membrane fouling simulator: development, application, and early-warning of biofouling in RO treatment

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