Development and application of the wetlands Dynamic Water Budget Model

Walton, Raymond; Chapman, Raymond S.; Davis, Jack E.

doi:10.1007/bf03161325

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…In recent years, the focus of groundwater-lake/wetland interaction modelling has shifted back to site-specific transient studies using traditional numerical modelling approaches (e.g. Restrepo et al, 1998;Crowe et al, 2004) and newer analytic element techniques (Haitjema, 1995) and linknode approaches (Walton et al, 1996). Hunt et al (2003) compare the use of the first two of these techniques.…”

Section: Wetland Gw-sw Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of groundwater–surface water interactions in arid/semi‐arid wetlands and the consequences of salinity for wetland ecology

2008

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In arid/semi-arid environments, where rainfall is seasonal, highly variable and significantly less than the evaporation rate, groundwater discharge can be a major component of the water and salt balance of a wetland, and hence a major determinant of wetland ecology. Under natural conditions, wetlands in arid/semi-arid zones occasionally experience periods of higher salinity as a consequence of the high evaporative conditions and the variability of inflows which provide dilution and flushing of the stored salt. However, due to the impacts of human population pressure and the associated changes in land use, surface water regulation, and water resource depletion, wetlands in arid/semi-arid environments are now often experiencing extended periods of high salinity. This article reviews the current knowledge of the role that groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) interactions play in the ecology of arid/semi-arid wetlands. The key findings of the review are as follows:1. GW-SW interactions in wetlands are highly dynamic, both temporally and spatially. Groundwater that is low in salinity has a beneficial impact on wetland ecology which can be diminished in dry periods when groundwater levels, and hence, inflows to wetlands are reduced or even cease. Conversely, if groundwater is saline, and inflows increase due to raised groundwater levels caused by factors such as land use change and river regulation, then this may have a detrimental impact on the ecology of a wetland and its surrounding areas. 2. GW-SW interactions in wetlands are mostly controlled by factors such as differences in head between the wetland surface water and groundwater, the local geomorphology of the wetland (in particular, the texture and chemistry of the wetland bed and banks), and the wetland and groundwater flow geometry. The GW-SW regime can be broadly classified into three types of flow regimes: (i) recharge-wetland loses surface water to the underlying aquifer; (ii) discharge-wetland gains water from the underlying aquifer; or (iii) flow-through-wetland gains water from the groundwater in some locations and loses it in others. However, it is important to note that individual wetlands may temporally change from one type to another depending on how the surface water levels in the wetland and the underlying groundwater levels change over time in response to climate, land use, and management. 3. The salinity in wetlands of arid/semi-arid environments will vary naturally due to high evaporative conditions, sporadic rainfall, groundwater inflows, and freshening after rains or floods. However, wetlands are often at particular risk of secondary salinity because their generally lower elevation in the landscape exposes them to increased saline groundwater inflows caused by rising water tables. Terminal wetlands are potentially at higher risk than flow-through systems as there is no salt removal mechanism. 4. Secondary salinity can impact on wetland biota through changes in both salinity and water regime, which result from the hydrological and hydrogeo...

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Section: Wetland Gw-sw Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of groundwater–surface water interactions in arid/semi‐arid wetlands and the consequences of salinity for wetland ecology

2008

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“…After reviewing several models that solve equations governing the movement of surface and ground water, we selected the Wetland Dynamics Water Budget Model (WDWBM) (Walton et al, 1995(Walton et al, , 1996 because the source code was freely available and the model was well documented and peer-reviewed. Further, the model had well-developed logic for both surface and ground-water routing and simulated unsaturated flow in the vadose zone.…”

Section: Model Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the canyons directly upstream and downstream of the flood plain, the channel is laterally constrained by valley walls and the river flows over bedrock or localized patches of shallow, coarse alluvium. (Walton et al, 1996). To parameterize the model, the flood plain is divided hierarchically into elements, which are further subdivided into surface and subsurface components.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

A patch hierarchy approach to modeling surface and subsurface hydrology in complex flood‐plain environments

Poole

Stanford

Running

et al. 2004

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Geomorphology interacts with surface-and ground-water hydrology across multiple spatial scales. Nonetheless, hydrologic and hydrogeologic models are most commonly implemented at a single spatial scale. Using an existing hydrogeologic computer model, we implemented a simple hierarchical approach to modeling surface-and ground-water hydrology in a complex geomorphic setting. We parameterized the model to simulate ground-and surface-water flow patterns through a hierarchical, three-dimensional, quantitative representation of an anabranched montane alluvial flood plain (the Nyack Flood Plain, Middle Fork Flathead River, Montana, USA). Comparison of model results to field data showed that the model provided reasonable representations of spatial patterns of aquifer recharge and discharge, temporal patterns of flood-water storage on the flood plain, and rates of ground-water movement from the main river channel into a large lateral spring channel on the flood plain, and water table elevation in the alluvial aquifer. These results suggest that a hierarchical approach to modeling ground-and surface-water hydrology can reproduce realistic patterns of surface-and ground-water flux on alluvial flood plains, and therefore should provide an excellent 'quantitative laboratory' for studying complex interactions between geomorphology and hydrology at and across multiple spatial scales.

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“…Gasca-Tucker and Acreman 2000), temperate fl oodplains and riverine wetlands (e.g. Walton et al 1996b;Refsgaard and Sørensen 1997), large tropical fl oodplains (e.g. Sutcliffe andParks 1987, 1989; Thompson and Hollis 1995;Bonnet et al 2008), large subtropical depression wetlands (e.g.…”

Section: Surface Waters In Wetlands and The Water Balancementioning

confidence: 99%