Development and application of SBA‐15 assisted electromembrane extraction followed by corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry for the determination of Thiabendazole in fruit juice samples

Abstract

A new sample preparation method based on SBA‐15 assisted electromembrane extraction coupled with corona discharge ion mobility spectrometer was developed for the determination of Thiabendazole as a model basic pesticide in fruit juice samples. The addition of SBA‐15 in the supported liquid membrane in electromembrane extraction system not only can lead to enhancement of the effective surface area, but also introducing the negatively charged silanol groups into supported liquid membrane might improve migration of positively charged analytes toward the supported liquid membrane and finally into the acceptor solution. To investigate the effect of the presence of SBA‐15 in the supported liquid membrane on the extraction efficiency, a comparative study was carried out between the conventional electromembrane extraction and SBA‐15/electromembrane extraction methods. Under the optimized conditions, SBA‐15/electromembrane extraction method showed higher extraction efficiencies in comparison with conventional electromembrane extraction method. SBA‐15/electromembrane extraction method exhibited a low limit of detection (0.9 ng/mL), high preconcentration factor (167) and high recovery (83%). Finally, the applicability of SBA‐15/electromembrane extraction method was studied by the extraction and determination of Thiabendazole as a model basic pesticide in fruit juice samples.

Applications of Hollow-Fiber and Related Microextraction Techniques for the Determination of Pesticides in Environmental and Food Samples—A Mini Review

“…All of the above and the fact that this type of extraction can be applied only to charged compounds probably contribute to a small number of papers dealing with the application of EME for pesticide extraction. Only four publications were found in Web of Science for the last decade [78][79][80][81], as can be seen in Table 4. Strictly speaking, two of these publications [79,80] were on the edge of the "microextraction" definition because researchers used a bag made of a polypropylene sheet which contained an increased volume of acceptor solution compared to HF.…”

“…Another interesting publication is the work by Nilash et al [81], who extracted fungicide thiabendazole from fruit juice by using an HF impregnated with silica mesoporous material SBA-15 suspended in 2-nitrophenyl-octylether. The acceptor solution in the fiber lumen was 0.1 M HCl.…”

“…The results were compared to standard EME without the SBA-15 material and were found to be superior. Compared to conventional EME [81] Abbreviations: WS-fiber wall solvent; AS-acceptor solvent in the fiber lumen; PP1-polypropylene fiber Accurel (Q3/2 PP, 600 µm i.d., 200 µm wall thickness, pores 0.2 µm, 66% porosity); PP7-polypropylene fiber (1.2 mm i.d., 300 µm wall thickness, pores 0.2 µm); PP8-polypropylene membrane sheet (157 µm thickness, 0.2 µm pores); d-diameter; η-recovery; LOD-limit of detection; LOQ-limit of quantification; EF-enrichment factor; RSD-relative standard deviation in %. Solvents: ENB-1-ethyl-2-nitrobenzene; NPOE-2-nitrophenyl-octylether.…”

Combining LAESI Imaging and Tissue Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry To Unveil Pesticides Contaminants in Fruits

“…Regulatory agencies worldwide have established maximum residue limits (MRLs) for pesticides in food commodities to enforce food safety for end customers. MRLs are the maximum tolerated level of pesticide residues in food or feed regulated by agencies. − Currently, the European Union (EU) legislation has determined the maximum level of TBZ in fruits and vegetables in the range of 0.05–15 ppm . In Brazil, the ANVISA (National Health Surveillance Agency) sets the MRL at 0.01–10 ppm, and the Chinese authority establishes the MRL at 20 ppm …”

Developing a miniaturized setup for in‐tube simultaneous determination of three alkaloids using electromembrane extraction in combination with ultraviolet spectrophotometry

“…EME technique has been applied to a wide range of substances with different configurations such as on‐chip EME , in‐tube EME , pulsed EME , dual‐EME , micro‐EME , continuous‐flow EME , dynamic EME , surfactant‐assisted EME , and EM‐SPME . Micro‐volume acceptor phases have been analyzed with selective and sensitive analytical instruments such as HPLC , GC , CE , ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) , and HPLC‐MS .…”