Development and application of ELISA for the detection of IgG antibodies to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

Abstract

Summary. -Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a neglected human pathogen, which can cause severe illnesses in humans. Th e most vulnerable are the human foetus and immunosuppressed individuals. Since there is no commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of anti-LCMV antibodies in human sera, we developed a sandwich ELISA method detecting anti-nucleoprotein IgG antibodies, using a specifi c monoclonal anti-nucleoprotein antibody and cells persistently infected with LCMV strain MX as antigen. In the present study we show standardization of this ELISA protocol, determination of its clinical specifi city and sensitivity and its application on 30 clinical samples from multiorgan donors. Comparison of these results to the indirect immunofl uorescence antibody test (IFA) demonstrates that ELISA is more sensitive. Th e developed ELISA assay provides a fast, simple and effi cient tool for the clinical detection of anti-nucleoprotein antibodies in human sera.

Molecular Biology and Epidemiology of Neurotropic Viruses

“…It is found in Europe, Asia, American continents, and Africa. Serological studies indicate that approximately 5% of the human population in the United States have LCMV antibodies, 3.3% in Inland city of Argentina, 4% among inhabitants of Nova Scotia, 1.7% in the Community of Madrid in Spain, 3.5% in the inner city of Birmingham, and 36% in Croatia Island of Vir [27,29].…”

“…In the Western world, HSV is the commonly isolated pathogen in both sporadic and outbreaks of encephalitis, with an incidence of one to three cases per million populations annually. The occurrence of HSV encephalitis in post-surgical procedures was reported, indicating a nosocomial infection [27]. Worldwide, HSV is the most common cause of sporadic encephalitis, and the distribution is not determined by seasonal variation, immune status of a community, or environmental conditions.…”

“…Transmission of HeV to humans has been invariably associated with close contact with ill horses while transmission of NiV, as reported from Bangladesh, is mainly through date palm sap contaminated with bat secretions. Human-to-human transmission of NiV also occurs [ 27 - 28 ].…”

Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System in Children: A Systematic Review

“…Diagnosis: Definitive diagnosis can be achieved using ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence assay for detecting specific anti-LCMV IgM or IgG antibodies or PCR for detecting viral RNA from CSF or blood [29,32]. Viral culture of CSF can be done only when the infection is acquired postnatally [33].…”

“…Treatment: Favipiravir and Rivabirin are the two antiviral drugs that have shown promising results against arenavirus LCMV; however, no specific treatment for the management of LCMV CNS infection, and therefore supportive care remained the treatment modality [32,33,34].…”