Development and application of color schlieren technique for investigation of three-dimensional concentration field

Srivastava, Atul

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2013.09.001

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Schlieren imaging is yet another method suitable for in situ imaging of the printing process. The method was established for both the qualitative and quantitative assessment of fluid properties, and as a means to visualize phenomena in transparent media. , Previous reports have further demonstrated that 3D maps of refractive index fields can be generated by processing Schlieren images with tomographic reconstruction techniques, which in turn enables the inference of fluid characteristics such as pressure, density, etc. − For the purpose of tomographic printing, tomographic reconstruction from color Schlieren images was employed to track localized material conversion by continuous monitoring of 3D refractive index changes . Such continuous tracking of RI changes allows spatial and temporal tracking of the photo-cross-linking progression.…”

Section: Optimization Of the Printsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light from Afield: Fast, High-Resolution, and Layer-Free Deep Vat 3D Printing

Chansoria,

Rizzo,

Rütsche

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

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Harnessing light for cross-linking of photoresponsive materials has revolutionized the field of 3D printing. A wide variety of techniques leveraging broadspectrum light shaping have been introduced as a way to achieve fast and high-resolution printing, with applications ranging from simple prototypes to biomimetic engineered tissues for regenerative medicine. Conventional light-based printing techniques use cross-linking of material in a layer-by-layer fashion to produce complex parts. Only recently, new techniques have emerged which deploy multidirection, tomographic, light-sheet or filamented lightbased image projections deep into the volume of resin-filled vat for photoinitiation and cross-linking. These Deep Vat printing (DVP) approaches alleviate the need for layer-wise printing and enable unprecedented fabrication speeds (within a few seconds) with high resolution (>10 μm). Here, we elucidate the physics and chemistry of these processes, their commonalities and differences, as well as their emerging applications in biomedical and non-biomedical fields. Importantly, we highlight their limitations, and future scope of research that will improve the scalability and applicability of these DVP techniques in a wide variety of engineering and regenerative medicine applications.

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Section: Optimization Of the Printsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light from Afield: Fast, High-Resolution, and Layer-Free Deep Vat 3D Printing

Chansoria,

Rizzo,

Rütsche

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

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“…pressure, density, and temperature fields) in a variety of scientific fields [Mercer 2003;Raffel 2015;Settles and Hargather 2017]. Several demonstrations have shown that Schlieren images processed with tomographic reconstruction techniques can produce a 3D map of RI field and subsequently pressure, density, etc [Agrawal et al 1998;Décamp et al 2008;Faris and Byer 1988;Greenberg et al 1995;Srivastava 2013]. A continuous measurement of RI by tomographic Schlieren imaging would provide several benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomographic color Schlieren refractive index mapping for computed axial lithography

Toombs

Taylor

2020

Symposium on Computational Fabrication

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Computed axial lithography, when used in polymeric systems, directly solidifies freeform three-dimensional geometries inside liquid or gelled materials. Currently, this patterning system operates in open loop where projections are designed prior to the print so identification of errors and corrections can only be done after the printed object has been processed. This work introduces an in-situ 3D refractive index monitoring system to track localized material conversion by performing tomographic reconstruction from color Schlieren images. Our system successfully reconstructed evolving phase objects inside resins and the reconstruction quality was verified by comparison with isosurface laser scans. The technique provides support for physics-based real-time pattern modification to improve print fidelity and reduce manual iteration time when experimenting with new materials. CCS CONCEPTS • Hardware; • Emerging technologies; • Emerging optical and photonic technologies;

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“…conducted an extensive research on the growth kinetics of KDP crystals using the techniques of laser Schlieren and interferometry . The authors extended their study to 3‐D reconstruction of concentration fields around a growing crystal .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferometry‐based direct comparison of transport phenomena associated with the growth processes of organic and inorganic crystals

Haridas

Srivastava

2017

Crystal Research and Technology

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Non‐intrusive dynamic measurements of concentration fields around solution‐grown protein and inorganic crystals using a Mach‐Zehnder interferometer have been reported. Sodium chlorate (inorganic) and hen‐egg‐white lysozyme (protein) crystals have been employed as model materials. Mass transport phenomenon during the growth process is visualized in the form of interferometric images. Development of concentration boundary layers in the vicinity of the two types of crystals has been investigated. Results are presented in the form of interferometric images, contours of two‐ dimensional concentrations and gradient fields. Primary findings of the experimental study clearly reveal the differences in the transport phenomena associated with the growth processes of inorganic and protein crystals. Fringe patterns recorded during the growth of inorganic crystal showed substantial deformation in the vicinity of the crystal top surface whereas the fringe deformation was seen to be very mild in the case of protein crystals. Qualitative interpretation of the images revealed strong concentration gradients in the vicinity of the growing NaClO3 crystal as compared to those observed for the lysozyme crystals. Based on the interferometric observations, the strength of transport phenomena associated with the two categories of crystals has been quantified and reported in terms of non‐dimensional parameters such as the Rayleigh number.

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Development and application of color schlieren technique for investigation of three-dimensional concentration field

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

Light from Afield: Fast, High-Resolution, and Layer-Free Deep Vat 3D Printing

Light from Afield: Fast, High-Resolution, and Layer-Free Deep Vat 3D Printing

Tomographic color Schlieren refractive index mapping for computed axial lithography

Interferometry‐based direct comparison of transport phenomena associated with the growth processes of organic and inorganic crystals

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