Development and Application of Cancer Stem Cell-Targeted Vaccine in Cancer Immunotherapy

Lin, Ming Tseh; Chang, Alfred E.; Wicha, Max S.; Li, Qiao; Huang, Shiang

doi:10.4172/2157-7560.1000371

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It has also led to new therapeutic paradigms, based on the concept that destroying or incapacitating CSCs would be an efficient method of cancer containment and control. Cancer stem cell targeted vaccines are also being developed [Lin17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling tumorspheres reveals cancer stem cell niche building and plasticity

Benítez

Barberis

Condat

2019

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

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Cancer stem cells have been shown to be critical to the development of a variety of solid cancers. The precise interplay mechanisms between cancer stem cells and the rest of a tissue are still not elucidated. To shed light on the interactions between stem and non-stem cancer cell populations we develop a two-population mathematical model, which is suitable to describe tumorsphere growth. Both interspecific and intraspecific interactions, mediated by the microenvironment, are included. We show that there is a tipping point, characterized by a transcritical bifurcation, where a purely non-stem cell attractor is replaced by a new attractor that contains both stem and differentiated cancer cells. The model is then applied to describe the outcome of a recent experiment. This description reveals that, while the intraspecific interactions are inhibitory, the interspecific interactions stimulate growth. This can be understood in terms of stem cells needing differentiated cells to reinforce their niches, and phenotypic plasticity favoring the de-differentiation of differentiated cells into cancer stem cells. We posit that this is a consequence of the deregulation of the quorum sensing that maintains homeostasis in healthy tissues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling tumorspheres reveals cancer stem cell niche building and plasticity

Benítez

Barberis

Condat

2019

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

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“…48 Some have suggested that vaccinations including CSC lysates would improve outcomes, such as a vaccination that Lin et al formulated. 49,50 They combined CSC dendritic cells, which present tumor-associated antigens to T cells, with melanoma and carcinoma tumor models, which showed promise in increasing protective immunity against tumor cell challenge. However, as pointed out in a recent review by Chu et al, the isolation of enough number of CSCs (in this case, CSC-DCs) from tumor tissues is very challenging, which poses difficulties in access and quantity for possible future study in larger animal models, or in the clinic.…”

Section: Stem Cells For Immunization Against Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Concise Review: The Role of Stem Cells in Cancer Progression and Therapy

Hayat¹,

Hayat²,

Dwan³

et al. 2021

OTT

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The properties of cancer stem cells (CSCs) have recently gained attention as an avenue of intervention for cancer therapy. In this review, we highlight some of the key roles of CSCs in altering the cellular microenvironment in favor of cancer progression. We also report on various studies in this field which focus on transformative properties of CSCs and their influence on surrounding cells or targets through the release of cellular cargo in the form of extracellular vesicles. The findings from these studies encourage the development of novel interventional therapies that can target and prevent cancer through efficient, more effective methods. These methods include targeting immunosuppressive proteins and biomarkers, promoting immunization against tumors, exosome-mediated CSC conversion, and a focus on the quiescent properties of CSCs and their role in cancer progression. The resulting therapeutic benefit and transformative potential of these novel approaches to stem cell-based cancer therapy provide a new direction in cancer treatment, which can focus on nanoscale, molecular properties of the cellular microenvironment and establish a more precision medicine-oriented paradigm of treatment.

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“…In 2012, Ning et al developed a dendritic-cell (DC)-based vaccine that selectively targeted CSCs and conferred antitumor immunity. 148 Recent progress in the CSC vaccine development field was recently abstracted to outline the strategies, issues, and challenges by Lin et al (2017). 149 Logically speaking, relatively rare occurrence of CSCs in tumors could be problematic for vaccine efficacy.…”

Section: ■ Biologicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…148 Recent progress in the CSC vaccine development field was recently abstracted to outline the strategies, issues, and challenges by Lin et al (2017). 149 Logically speaking, relatively rare occurrence of CSCs in tumors could be problematic for vaccine efficacy. Szarynśka et al (2018) applied a similar approach for a DC vaccination for CRC.…”

Section: ■ Biologicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) Inhibitors in Oncology—A Promise for a Better Therapeutic Outcome: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

Kharkar

2020

J. Med. Chem.

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Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subpopulation of cancer cells endowed with self-renewal, tumorigenicity, pluripotency, chemoresistance, differentiation, invasive ability, and plasticity, reside in specialized tumor niches and are responsible for tumor maintenance, metastasis, therapy resistance, and tumor relapse. The new-age “hierarchical or CSC” model of tumor heterogeneity is based on the concept of eradicating CSCs to prevent tumor relapse and therapy resistance. Small-molecular entities and biologics acting on various stemness signaling pathways, surface markers, efflux transporters, or components of complex tumor microenvironment are under intense investigation as potential anti-CSC agents. In addition, smart nanotherapeutic tools have proved their utility in achieving CSC targeting. Several CSC inhibitors in clinical development have shown promise, either as mono- or combination therapy, in refractory and difficult-to-treat cancers. Clinical investigations with CSC marker follow-up as a measure of clinical efficacy are needed to turn the “hype” into the “hope” these new-age oncology therapeutics have to offer.

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Development and Application of Cancer Stem Cell-Targeted Vaccine in Cancer Immunotherapy

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Modeling tumorspheres reveals cancer stem cell niche building and plasticity

Modeling tumorspheres reveals cancer stem cell niche building and plasticity

A Concise Review: The Role of Stem Cells in Cancer Progression and Therapy

Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) Inhibitors in Oncology—A Promise for a Better Therapeutic Outcome: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

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