Development and application of a multiplex PCR assay for detection of the Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin-encoding genes cpe and becAB

Yonogi, Shinya; Kanki, Masashi; Ohnishi, Takahiro; Shiono, Masami; Iida, Tetsuya; Kumeda, Yuko

doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2016.06.007

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the present study, prevalence of various toxin genes in C. perfringens was revealed for isolates from clinical specimens, most of which were feces derived from sporadic diarrheal cases. CPE has been implicated in gastroenteritis in humans and documented to be produced by 2%–8% of C. perfringens isolates from diarrhea in the community [8,10,11,28]. Similar prevalence of cpe (4%) was reported for isolates from retail meat [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…C. perfringens type A strains producing CPE (type F) are responsible for 5%–20% of all antibiotic-associated diarrhea and non-food-borne gastrointestinal diseases [1,8]. Among C. perfringens isolates from human diarrheal diseases, detection rates of CPE gene ( cpe ) were described as 4.9%–7.8% in different countries [9,10,11]. However, prevalence of C. perfringens toxins (particularly other than CPE) in human clinical isolates has not yet been systematically studied, although a low prevalence (0.78%) of BEC/CPILE ( bec/cpile ) was shown in only one report in Japan [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among C. perfringens isolates from human diarrheal diseases, detection rates of CPE gene ( cpe ) were described as 4.9%–7.8% in different countries [9,10,11]. However, prevalence of C. perfringens toxins (particularly other than CPE) in human clinical isolates has not yet been systematically studied, although a low prevalence (0.78%) of BEC/CPILE ( bec/cpile ) was shown in only one report in Japan [11]. Beta2 toxin was reported for its potential association with autistic children [12,13], while its etiologic significance is still obscure because of its prevalence among healthy individuals [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Toxin Genes in Clinical Isolates of Clostridium perfringens: Coexistence of Alpha-Toxin Variant and Binary Enterotoxin Genes (bec/cpile)

Matsuda

Aung

Urushibara

et al. 2019

Toxins

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Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is responsible for food-borne gastroenteritis and other infectious diseases, and toxins produced by this bacterium play a key role in pathogenesis. Although various toxins have been described for C. perfringens isolates from humans and animals, prevalence of individual toxins among clinical isolates has not yet been well explored. In the present study, a total of 798 C. perfringens clinical isolates were investigated for prevalence of eight toxin genes and their genetic diversity by PCR, nucleotide sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Besides the alpha-toxin gene (plc) present in all the isolates, the most common toxin gene was cpe (enterotoxin) (34.2%), followed by cpb2 (beta2 toxin) (1.4%), netB (NetB) (0.3%), and bec/cpile (binary enterotoxin BEC/CPILE) (0.1%), while beta-, epsilon-, and iota-toxin genes were not detected. Genetic analysis of toxin genes indicated a high level of conservation of plc, cpe, and netB. In contrast, cpb2 was revealed to be considerably divergent, containing at least two lineages. Alpha-toxin among 46 isolates was classified into ten sequence types, among which common types were distinct from those reported for avian isolates. A single isolate with bec/cpile harbored a plc variant containing an insertion of 834-bp sequence, suggesting its putative origin from chickens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Toxin Genes in Clinical Isolates of Clostridium perfringens: Coexistence of Alpha-Toxin Variant and Binary Enterotoxin Genes (bec/cpile)

Matsuda

Aung

Urushibara

et al. 2019

Toxins

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“…The most widely published method for investigating C. perfringens isolates from outbreaks is the use of diagnostic PCR for the toxins used in the typing scheme as well as c pb2 [1,32,33,34,35,36,37]. This study has shown that toxin diversity may be much greater than previously revealed and restricting diagnostics to PCR may be missing key information regarding C. perfringens pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

In silico Identification of Novel Toxin Homologs and Associated Mobile Genetic Elements in Clostridium perfringens

et al. 2019

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Clostridium perfringens causes a wide range of diseases in a variety of hosts, due to the production of a diverse set of toxins and extracellular enzymes. The C. perfringens toxins play an important role in pathogenesis, such that the presence and absence of the toxins is used as a typing scheme for the species. In recent years, several new toxins have been discovered that have been shown to be essential or highly correlated to diseases; these include binary enterotoxin (BecAB), NetB and NetF. In the current study, genome sequence analysis of C. perfringens isolates from diverse sources revealed several putative novel toxin homologs, some of which appeared to be associated with potential mobile genetic elements, including transposons and plasmids. Four novel toxin homologs encoding proteins related to the pore-forming Leukocidin/Hemolysin family were found in type A and G isolates. Two novel toxin homologs encoding proteins related to the epsilon aerolysin-like toxin family were identified in Type A and F isolates from humans, contaminated food and turkeys. A novel set of proteins related to clostridial binary toxins was also identified. While phenotypic characterisation is required before any of these homologs can be established as functional toxins, the in silico identification of these novel homologs on mobile genetic elements suggests the potential toxin reservoir of C. perfringens may be much larger than previously thought.

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“…Laboratory diagnosis of C. perfringens can be done by bacteriologic culture as well as by detecting a bacterial toxin [197][198][199][200]. Nowadays genetic methods are available and allow a rapid much typing of C. perfringens [201][202][203][204]. These techniques are precise and quick; but only suggest a gene's existence, and can assure neither a present nor an active toxin that could be responsible of physical damage.…”

Section: Perfringens Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Tests for Detection of Main Clostridial Toxins

Pérez-Etcheverry

Carmen

2017

IRA-JAS

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Development and application of a multiplex PCR assay for detection of the Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin-encoding genes cpe and becAB

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Toxin Genes in Clinical Isolates of Clostridium perfringens: Coexistence of Alpha-Toxin Variant and Binary Enterotoxin Genes (bec/cpile)

Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Toxin Genes in Clinical Isolates of Clostridium perfringens: Coexistence of Alpha-Toxin Variant and Binary Enterotoxin Genes (bec/cpile)

In silico Identification of Novel Toxin Homologs and Associated Mobile Genetic Elements in Clostridium perfringens

Rapid Tests for Detection of Main Clostridial Toxins

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