Development Anatomy in Wheat of Male Sterility Induced by Heat Stress, Water Deficit or Abscisic Acid

Saini, Harvinder Singh; Sedgley, Margaret; Aspinall, D.

doi:10.1071/pp9840243

Cited by 182 publications

(198 citation statements)

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“…High temperatures at the young microspore stage induce pollen sterility in rice as a result of premature tapetum degeneration and abnormal vacuolation and persistence of the tapetum cells in rice and wheat (Wardlaw et al 1989a(Wardlaw et al , 1989bEndo et al 2009). This is similar to what was observed for drought conditions (Saini et al 1984;Dorion et al 1996;Lalonde et al 1997;Ku et al 2003). The young microspore stage of pollen development is also very sensitive to heat stress in Arabidopsis (Kim et al 2001).…”

Section: Heat Stresssupporting

confidence: 75%

Yield stability for cereals in a changing climate

Powell

Ravash

et al. 2012

Functional Plant Biol.

131

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Abstract. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) forecasts a 34% increase in the world population by 2050. As a consequence, the productivity of important staple crops such as cereals needs to be boosted by an estimated 43%. This growth in cereal productivity will need to occur in a world with a changing climate, where more frequent weather extremes will impact on grain productivity. Improving cereal productivity will, therefore, not only be a matter of increasing yield potential of current germplasm, but also of improving yield stability through enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses. Successful reproductive development in cereals is essential for grain productivity and environmental constraints (drought, cold, frost, heat and waterlogging) that are associated with climate change are likely to have severe effects on yield stability of cereal crops. Currently, genetic gains conferring improved abiotic stress tolerance in cereals is hampered by the lack of reliable screening methods, availability of suitable germplasm and poor knowledge about the physiological and molecular underpinnings of abiotic stress tolerance traits.

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Section: Heat Stresssupporting

confidence: 75%

Yield stability for cereals in a changing climate

Powell

Ravash

et al. 2012

Functional Plant Biol.

131

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“…Partial sterility (a mixture of fertile and sterile pollen grains) occurred in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at exposure to 30˚C (day/night) for three days preanthesis (Saini et al 1984). Variation in pollen fertility occurred among the flowers and among the anthers within the flower in ICC 5912 at 34/19˚C and in ICCV 92944 at 40/25˚C (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of high temperature on the reproductive development of chickpea genotypes under controlled environments

Devasirvatham

Gaur

Mallikarjuna

et al. 2012

Functional Plant Biol.

164

126

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High temperature during the reproductive stage in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major cause of yield loss. The objective of this research was to determine if that variation can be explained by differences in anther and pollen development under heat stress. Therefore the effect of high temperature during the pre-and postanthesis periods on pollen viability, pollen germination in a medium, pollen germination on the stigma, pollen tube growth and pod set in a heat tolerant (ICCV 2 92944) and a heat sensitive (ICC 5912) genotype was studied. The plants were evaluated under heat stress and non-heat stress conditions in controlled environments. High temperature stress (29/16˚C to 40/25˚C) was gradually applied at flowering to study pollen viability and stigma receptivity including flower production, pod set and seed number. This was compared with a non-stress treatment (27/16˚C). The high temperatures reduced pod set by reducing pollen viability and pollen production per flower. The ICCV 92944 pollen was viable at 35/20˚C (41% fertile) and at 40/25˚C (13% fertile), while ICC 5912 pollen was completely sterile at 35/20˚C with no in vitro germination and no germination on the stigma. However, the stigma of ICC 5912 remained receptive at 35/20˚C and non-stressed pollen (27/16˚C) germinated on it during reciprocal crossing. These data indicate that pollen grains were more sensitive to high temperature than the stigma in chickpea. High temperature also reduced pollen production per flower, % pollen germination, pod set and seed number.

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“…Although at maturity the anthers and pollen grains affected by water deficit or ABA application possess similar morphologies, the mechanisms leading to the abortion may not be identical. This was indeed suggested by an earlier report that a majority of anthers that abort upon ABA treatment follow a sequence of anatomical events dissimilar to those in any of the water stress-affected anthers (12). It is also important to appreciate that the sporocidic effect of ABA is not unique, because a variety of synthetic and natural substances are known to induce male sterility in plants (7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Evidence against the Regulation of Grain Set by Spikelet Abscisic Acid Levels in Water-Stressed Wheat

Dembinska¹,

Lalonde²,

Saini³

1992

Plant Physiol.

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A possible role of abscisic acid (ABA) in the regulation of grain set in water-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was investigated using a split root system to dry half the roots while the remainder were kept watered. Water uptake by the wet roots maintained the leaf water potential at the normal level, whereas the ABA produced in the dry roots was transported to the spike. This caused the spikelet ABA level to increase to the same extent as when the entire root system was stressed to permit a drop in the leaf water potential. In spite of this, the former treatment did not induce a reduction in grain set, whereas the latter did. Thus, contrary to previous reports, water stress-induced changes in spikelet ABA level alone do not appear to regulate grain set.The male sporogenesis in wheat is highly sensitive to water stress. Stress during meiosis causes male sterility and, hence, a serious reduction in grain set (3,10 (8,9,11,14,15). The greatest sensitivity toward water deficit or exogenous ABA occurs at the same developmental stage, i.e. meiosis (10,11,15). The anthers and pollen grains resulting from the two treatments look morphologically similar at maturity (8, 10, 11). In well-watered plants, the increased inherent likelihood of sterility in the distal florets within a spikelet is associated with an elevated ABA content (6). Finally, the cornerstone nuclear-male-sterile mu- ' Supported by an operating grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada to H.S.S.2 Abbreviation: At, water potential.tant of wheat has greater ABA levels in spike and leaves and a lower rate of ABA metabolism than the corresponding fertile plants (16). These observations, taken together, suggest that ABA may act as an endogenous male sterilant in waterstressed wheat. However, these observations are entirely correlative, and a causal relationship between endogenous ABA and water stress-induced male sterility has never been established. One obstacle to the study of this problem has been the lack of a specific inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis or action. We took an alternative approach and employed a split root system to dry half of the roots while keeping the other half well-watered. This enabled the spikelet ABA level to increase via the transport of the hormone produced in the drying roots (4), whereas the shoot 4t was maintained at a high level through adequate water uptake by the wet roots. We could thus separate the effects of ABA from other metabolic consequences of shoot water deficit, and investigate whether increased ABA concentration in the spikelets could indeed influence grain set. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant Growth ConditionsWheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Katepwa) was grown in 9.5 cm x 15 cm plastic pots (two plants per pot) containing a 50:50 mixture of sand and Pro-Mix (Premier Brands Inc., Stanford, CA). For experiments with the split-root system, 2-week-old plants were transplanted into modified pots (Fig. 1A)

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Development Anatomy in Wheat of Male Sterility Induced by Heat Stress, Water Deficit or Abscisic Acid

Abstract: Well watered wheat (Triticum aestivum L, cv. Gabo) plants grown at 20°C were subjected to heat stress (30°C for 3 days), water stress (leaf water potential -2.54 MPa) or exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA, 3 X

Cited by 182 publications

References 18 publications

Yield stability for cereals in a changing climate

Yield stability for cereals in a changing climate

Effect of high temperature on the reproductive development of chickpea genotypes under controlled environments

Evidence against the Regulation of Grain Set by Spikelet Abscisic Acid Levels in Water-Stressed Wheat

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