Developing the guide to community preventive services—overview and rationale11The names and affiliations of the Task Force members are listed on page v of this supplement and at http://www.thecommunityguide.org.

Truman, Benedict I.; Smith-Akin, C. K.; Hinman, Alan R.; Gebbie, Kristine M.; Brownson, Ross C.; Novick, Lloyd F.; Lawrence, Robert S.; Pappaioanou, Marguerite; Fielding, Jonathan E.; Evans, Caswell A.; Guerra, Fernando; Vogel-Taylor, Martina; Mahan, Charles S.; Fullilove, Mindy Thompson; Zaza, Stephanie

doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00124-5

Cited by 143 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Initiatives like Ciclovia [7,8], Agita [9], and GUIA [10] have focused on increasing active transportation, community-wide physical activity, and the implementation of evidence-based physical activity strategies across Latin American countries. A previous systematic review of physical activity promotion research across Latin America completed by Hoehner and colleagues summarized much of this research [6] from the perspective of the Guide to Community Preventive Services [11]. They found that there was insufficient evidence to make a recommendation for any intervention that focused on improving physical activity in adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity promotion in Latin American populations: a systematic review on issues of internal and external validity

Galavíz

Harden

Smith

et al. 2014

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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The purpose of this review was to determine the degree to which physical activity interventions for Latin American populations reported on internal and external validity factors using the RE-AIM framework (reach & representativeness, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance). We systematically identified English (PubMed; EbscoHost) and Spanish (SCIELO; Biblioteca Virtual en Salud) language studies published between 2001 and 2012 that tested physical activity, exercise, or fitness promotion interventions in Latin American populations. Cross-sectional/descriptive studies, conducted in Brazil or Spain, published in Portuguese, not including a physical activity/fitness/exercise outcome, and with one time point assessment were excluded. We reviewed 192 abstracts and identified 46 studies that met the eligibility criteria (34 in English, 12 in Spanish). A validated 21-item RE-AIM abstraction tool was used to determine the quality of reporting across studies (0-7 = low, 8-14 = moderate, and 15-21 = high). The number of indicators reported ranged from 3–14 (mean = 8.1 ± 2.6), with the majority of studies falling in the moderate quality reporting category. English and Spanish language articles did not differ on the number of indicators reported (8.1 vs. 8.3, respectively). However, Spanish articles reported more across reach indicators (62% vs. 43% of indicators), while English articles reported more across effectiveness indicators (69% vs 62%). Across RE-AIM dimensions, indicators for reach (48%), efficacy/effectiveness (67%), and implementation (41%) were reported more often than indicators of adoption (25%) and maintenance (10%). Few studies reported on the representativeness of participants, staff that delivered interventions, or the settings where interventions were adopted. Only 13% of the studies reported on quality of life and/or potential negative outcomes, 20% reported on intervention fidelity, and 11% on cost of implementation. Outcomes measured after six months of intervention, information on continued delivery and institutionalization of interventions, were also seldom reported. Regardless of language of publication, physical activity intervention research for Latin Americans should increase attention to and measurement of external validity and cost factors that are critical in the decision making process in practice settings and can increase the likelihood of translation into community or clinical practice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity promotion in Latin American populations: a systematic review on issues of internal and external validity

Galavíz

Harden

Smith

et al. 2014

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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“…Community health services represent a key clinical setting for the provision of preventive care [26-33] as they have historically had a focus on chronic disease prevention, early intervention and health education [29,31], and are a key provider of primary health care in many countries [26,29,31]. Such services can involve contact with health care providers on multiple occasions for the delivery of specialized, non-acute care [29,30,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The delivery of preventive care to clients of community health services

McElwaine

Freund

Campbell

et al. 2013

BMC Health Serv Res

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BackgroundSmoking, poor nutrition, risky alcohol use, and physical inactivity are the primary behavioral risks for common causes of mortality and morbidity. Evidence and guidelines support routine clinician delivery of preventive care. Limited evidence describes the level delivered in community health settings. The objective was to determine the: prevalence of preventive care provided by community health clinicians; association between client and service characteristics and receipt of care; and acceptability of care. This will assist in informing interventions that facilitate adoption of opportunistic preventive care delivery to all clients.MethodsIn 2009 and 2010 a telephone survey was undertaken of 1284 clients across a network of 56 public community health facilities in one health district in New South Wales, Australia. The survey assessed receipt of preventive care (assessment, brief advice, and referral/follow-up) regarding smoking, inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption, alcohol overconsumption, and physical inactivity; and acceptability of care.ResultsCare was most frequently reported for smoking (assessment: 59.9%, brief advice: 61.7%, and offer of referral to a telephone service: 4.5%) and least frequently for inadequate fruit or vegetable consumption (27.0%, 20.0% and 0.9% respectively). Sixteen percent reported assessment for all risks, 16.2% received brief advice for all risks, and 0.6% were offered a specific referral for all risks. The following were associated with increased care: diabetes services, number of appointments, being male, Aboriginal, unemployed, and socio-economically disadvantaged. Acceptability of preventive care was high (76.0%-95.3%).ConclusionsDespite strong client support, preventive care was not provided opportunistically to all, and was preferentially provided to select groups. This suggests a need for practice change strategies to enhance preventive care provision to achieve adherence to clinical guidelines.

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“…This section briefly describes evidence from one systematic review, the Guide to Community Preventive Services (the Community Guide ). Systematic reviews like the Community Guide are consensus document and are valuable because they provide an efficient way to identify relevant research findings, assess their quality, and present them to users in ways that are understandable and useful (43, 44). …”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translating Epidemiology Into Policy to Prevent Childhood Obesity: The Case for Promoting Physical Activity in School Settings

Brownson

Chriqui

Burgeson³

et al. 2010

Annals of Epidemiology

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Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem, resulting from energy imbalance (when the intake of energy is greater than the amount of energy expended through physical activity). Numerous health authorities have identified policy interventions as promising strategies for creating population-wide improvements in physical activity. This case study focuses on energy expenditure through physical activity (with a particular emphasis on school-based physical education [PE]). Policy-relevant evidence for promoting physical activity in youth may take numerous forms including epidemiologic data and other supporting evidence (e.g., qualitative data). The implementation and evaluation of school PE interventions leads to a set of lessons related to epidemiology and evidence-based policy. These include the need to: 1) enhance the focus on external validity, 2) develop more policy-relevant evidence based on “natural experiments,” 3) understand that policymaking is political, 4) better articulate the factors that influence policy dissemination, 5) understand the real world constraints when implementing policy in school environments, and 6) build transdisciplinary teams for policy progress. The issues described in this case study provide leverage points for practitioners, policy makers, and researchers as they seek to translate epidemiology to policy.

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Developing the guide to community preventive services—overview and rationale11The names and affiliations of the Task Force members are listed on page v of this supplement and at http://www.thecommunityguide.org.

Cited by 143 publications

References 14 publications

Physical activity promotion in Latin American populations: a systematic review on issues of internal and external validity

Physical activity promotion in Latin American populations: a systematic review on issues of internal and external validity

The delivery of preventive care to clients of community health services

Translating Epidemiology Into Policy to Prevent Childhood Obesity: The Case for Promoting Physical Activity in School Settings

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