Developing pharmacists' competencies in Saudi Arabia: A proposed national competency framework to support initial education and professional development

Alfaifi, Salihah; Bridges, Stephanie; Arakawa, Naoko

doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2022.09.010

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In order to meet the needs of the nation for pharmaceutical services, the developed framework represents a consensus on competencies for foundationlevel pharmacists working across all pharmacy sectors and is eligible for supporting further improvement of initial pharmacy education. It also supports excellence in pharmacist performance [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

An Evaluation of Continuing Medical Education among Pharmacists in Various Pharmacy Sectors in the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia

2023

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Background: Continuing medical training is an important component of modern medical practice because it maintains the ability of physicians to provide up-to-date patient care. This study explored pharmacists’ involvement in CME activities and investigated the barriers to undertaking CME activities in Saudi Arabia. It also aimed to highlight the obstacles that prevent pharmacists from participating in CE activities. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional self-administered web-based questionnaire. It was conducted among practising pharmacists in various pharmacy fields in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. The structured questionnaire consisted of four domains. A convenience sampling strategy was used to select and recruit study participants. The results were described in terms of frequencies and percentages. A Chi-square test was used to assess the differences for categorical data. p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results and conclusions: A total of 173 pharmacists participated in the study. Attending the conference was the most popular activity (67%), followed by training courses (61.8%) and approved web-based activities (60.1%). Regarding barriers that prevented pharmacists from participating in CME activities, a lack of a scientific database or books was the top-rated barrier that hindered pharmacists from obtaining the required CME hours (79.8%). Another important barrier was the cost of the activities (74.6%). Regarding the area of practice for which pharmacists would be interested in attending CME activities, public health was the favourite (89.6%), followed by personal skills (82.7%). Gathering the required CME hours for re-registration was the main motive for attending CME activities in most of the pharmacy sectors. Policymakers should consider shifting the current CME system to the Continuing Professional Development (CPD) model, which promotes engagement in professional development activities that are relevant to the scope of practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

An Evaluation of Continuing Medical Education among Pharmacists in Various Pharmacy Sectors in the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia

2023

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“…Keywords such as “clinical pharmacist”, “saudi arabia”, “COVID-19”, “pharmacy education”, “telemedicine”, “computer-assisted decision making” and “barcoding” had high burst intensities from 2020 to 2023. It should be noted that the keyword “saudi arabia” here refers to the related pharmaceutical management policy ( 50 ), pharmaceutical care ( 51 ), pharmaceutical education ( 52 ) and other related research topics with a significant increase in frequency during this period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary trend analysis of the pharmaceutical management research field from the perspective of mapping the knowledge domain

Shen,

Wei,

Guo

et al. 2024

Front. Health Serv.

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BackgroundPharmaceutical management is a new frontier subject between pharmacy, law and management, and related research involves the whole process of drug development, production, circulation and use. With the development of medical systems and the diversification of patients’ drug needs, research in the field of pharmaceutical management is becoming increasingly abundant. To clarify the development status of this field, this study conducted a bibliometric analysis of relevant literature in the field based on the knowledge graph method for the first time and explored the evolutionary trends of research hotspots and frontiers.MethodsLiterature was obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace 6.2.R4 (Advanced), VOSViewer, Scimago Graphica, Pajek and the R programming language were used to visualize the data.ResultsA total of 12,771 publications were included in the study. The publications in the field of pharmaceutical management show an overall increasing trend. In terms of discipline evolution, early research topics tended to involve the positioning of pharmacists and pharmaceutical care and the establishment of a management system. From 2000 to 2005, this period tended to focus on clinical pharmacy and institutional norms. With the development of globalization and the market economy, research from 2005 to 2010 began to trend to the fields of drug markets and economics. From 2010 to 2015, research was gradually integrated into health systems and medical services. With the development of information technology, after 2015, research in the field of pharmaceutical management also began to develop in the direction of digitalization and intelligence. In light of the global pandemic of COVID-19, research topics such as drug supply management, pharmaceutical care and telemedicine services under major public health events have shown increased interest since 2020.ConclusionBased on the knowledge mapping approach, this study provides a knowledge landscape in the field of pharmaceutical management research. The results showed that the reform of pharmacy education, the challenge of drug management under the COVID-19 pandemic, digital transformation and the rise of telemedicine services were the hot topics in this field. In addition, the research frontier also shows the broad prospects of the integration of information technology and pharmaceutical management, the practical value of precision pharmaceutical services, the urgent need of global drug governance, and the ethical and legal issues involved in the application of artificial intelligence technology in drug design, which points out the direction for the future development of pharmaceutical practice.

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“…At the global level, a profession-wide competency framework for foundation-level pharmacists was developed based on the FIP Global Competency Framework, but it was not specific to community pharmacists in particular [ 14 , 15 ]. Many developed countries have established a competency framework intended for the practice of community pharmacists and recognized it as a means to facilitate their continuing professional development (CPD) and performance review [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The specialized competency framework for community pharmacists (SCF-CP) in Lebanon: validation and evaluation of the revised version

Sakr

Akel

Sacre³

et al. 2023

J of Pharm Policy and Pract

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Background In the absence of similar studies in Lebanon, this study aimed at upgrading and validating the Lebanese specialized competencies framework for community pharmacists (SCF-CP) as a tool to transform community practice and support the professional development and career progression of community pharmacists. Methods Content validity was assessed and improved through a team of experts. After a thorough literature review and utilizing the Delphi technique, six domains were defined in the framework, with their respective competencies and behaviors. A cross-sectional study was then carried out from March to October 2022 using an online questionnaire created on Google Forms. The snowball technique was applied to reach community pharmacists across all the Lebanese governorates. Results The final sample included 512 community pharmacists. The construct validity of the framework was confirmed by factor analysis. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measures of sampling adequacy were satisfactory for all models ranging from 0.500 to 0.956 with a significant Bartlett’s test of sphericity (P < 0.001). The internal consistency of all competency domains was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha, with values ranging from 0.803 to 0.953. All competencies were significantly correlated with their respective domains (P < 0.001), and all domains were significantly correlated with each other and with the framework (P < 0.001). The participants declared being competent in all domains relating to fundamental skills, safe and rational use of medicines, pharmacy management, professional skills, public health fundamentals, and emergency preparedness and response, with some exceptions, such as compounding, management, and emergency preparedness. A higher declared competency level was associated with having more experience and receiving more than 50 patients per day. Conclusion Our findings could demonstrate that the Lebanese specialized competency framework is a valid and reliable tool. This framework could help assess the minimum competencies that community pharmacists should possess or acquire and direct initial and continuing education for better practice. Hence, it could be adopted by the authorities and implemented in the Lebanese community pharmacy setting.

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Developing pharmacists' competencies in Saudi Arabia: A proposed national competency framework to support initial education and professional development

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

An Evaluation of Continuing Medical Education among Pharmacists in Various Pharmacy Sectors in the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia

An Evaluation of Continuing Medical Education among Pharmacists in Various Pharmacy Sectors in the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia

Evolutionary trend analysis of the pharmaceutical management research field from the perspective of mapping the knowledge domain

The specialized competency framework for community pharmacists (SCF-CP) in Lebanon: validation and evaluation of the revised version

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