Developing On-Road NOx Emission Factors for Euro 6b Light-Duty Diesel Trucks in Korean Driving Conditions

Ro, Seungcheon; Park, Junhong; Shin, Myunghwan

doi:10.3390/en14041041

“…The fleet average emission factor of NO x is estimated as 0.530 g km −1 , which is between those of LDGVs obtained by PEMS in Chinese megacities (Beijing, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou), and LDDVs by PEMS in Seoul metropolitan area, Korea [6,37]. A Chinese study was conducted for the LDGVs with Euro level 0 to 4 while a Korean study measured LDDVs with Euro level 3 to 5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…In general, the emission factors of air pollutants from in-use vehicles have been estimated during standard driving cycles with chassis dynamometer facilities in laboratories [3][4][5][6]. However, measuring real-world emission factors on real roads is also necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To investigate the average real-world emissions of the in-use vehicle fleet in the area where the tunnel is located, tunnel studies have been carried out using two-location measurements for distance-based emission factors [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], and using one-location measurement for fuel-based emission factors [16][17][18]. Recently, attempts have been made to obtain real-world emission factors from on-road measurements through the development of real-time mobile monitoring systems such as portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) [6,[19][20][21], remote sensing devices (RSDs) [22][23][24], and mobile laboratories (MLs) [21,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Fast Method for Estimating the Emission Factors of Air Pollutants from In-Use Vehicles Fleet

Lee

¹

,

Kim

²

,

Park

³

2021

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The real-world emission factors of gaseous and particulate air pollutants emitted from in-use vehicles, can be rapidly estimated using monitoring data of their concentration profiles from inside roadway tunnels using a mobile laboratory equipped with fast monitoring instruments. The concentrations of CO2 and particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PM-PAHs) and NOx, were observed to increase linearly with traveling distance inside two successive roadway tunnels: the Hongjimun Tunnel and the Jeongneung Tunnel on the Naebu Express Way in Seoul, Korea, except for a small region of decrease. In the decreasing regions, within a few hundred meters of the entrance and before the exit, outside background air with low concentrations of air pollutants was thought to have intruded. From the slopes of the linear regression between distance and concentrations, a fleet-averaged (light-, medium-, and heavy-duty vehicles with 54%, 36%, and 10%, respectively) emission factor of CO2, PM-PAHs, and NOx at an average speed of ~60 km h−1 could be calculated as 197 ± 38 g km−1, 4.2 ± 0.8 × 10−4 g km−1, and 0.530 ± 0.230 g km−1, respectively, which are within the ranges of values reported in the literature. For each tunnel, the emission factors of CO2, PM-PAHs, and NOx estimated on days with higher-than-normal fractions of heavy-duty vehicles, were higher than those on other days. From these results, the new fast method proposed in this study is considered useful for estimating real-world emission factors of air pollutants by using a mobile laboratory as a complementary tool to traditional tunnel studies. This method can be used to rapidly make emission maps at roadway tunnels in mega-cities like Seoul, Korea, for urban air-quality management.

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“…Analyzing PEMS test data with MAW is known to be useful in evaluating emission characteristics according to operation parameters using a relatively small number of test data [17,30,11]. Another study [33] analyzed the on-road NOx emission data measured through PEMS for light-duty diesel trucks with 1 km segment MAW. Emission factor equations were developed according to the average vehicle speed, and a method was proposed for applying it to the emission inventory.…”

Section: Emission Factor Development Based On Moving Averaging Window...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Real-world Gaseous Emissions from Construction Machinery

Lee¹,

Park²,

Shin³

et al. 2022

Preprint

1

0

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In Korea’s air pollutant inventory, construction machinery is a major emission source in the non-road sector. Since 2004, the Korean government has introduced and reinforced emission regulations to reduce the air pollutants emitted from their diesel engines. Since the engine dynamometer test method used in emission regulations has limitations in reflecting emission characteristics under the diverse working conditions of construction machinery, it is necessary to examine the effectiveness of emission regulations and the validity of the emission factors applied as inputs to the air pollutants inventory. This could be done by evaluating engine operation and emission characteristics under real-world working conditions. In this study, 14 units were selected among the excavators, wheel loaders, and forklifts that represent approximately 90% of the registered construction machines in Korea. They were equipped with a portable emission measurement system (PEMS) to measure gaseous emissions and collect engine data under various real-world working conditions. With the reinforcement of emission regulations for the construction machinery from K-tier3 to K-tier4 in Korea, exhaust after-treatment technologies, such as selective catalytic reduction and diesel oxidation catalyst, were applied. Real world NOx were reduced by approximately 83%, and THC 77% and CO by 73%, respectively. Real world NOx + THC of the K-tier3 machines exceeded the laboratory emission limit, but the K-tier4 machines considerably improved despite some differences. The emission factors applied to the air pollutant inventory have been developed using the engine dynamometer test method, but they were considerably underestimated compared with emissions under real-world working conditions. The difference was even larger for the K-tier4 machines. In this study, the possibility of developing emission factor equations that use the engine load factor as a parameter was confirmed by using the engine work 1 g/kW·h segment moving averaging window (MAW) method.

show abstract

“…Analyzing PEMS test data with MAW is known to be useful in evaluating emission characteristics according to operation parameters using a relatively small number of test data [21,34,11]. Another study [37] analyzed the on-road NOx emission data measured through PEMS for light-duty diesel trucks with 1 km segment MAW. Emission factor equations were developed according to the average vehicle speed, and a method was proposed for applying it to the emission inventory.…”

Section: Emission Factor Development Based On Moving Averaging Window...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Real-world Gaseous Emissions from Construction Machinery

Lee¹,

Park²,

Shin³

et al. 2022

Preprint

2

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Korea’s air pollutant inventory, construction machinery is a major emission source in the non-road sector. Since 2004, the Korean government has introduced and reinforced emission regulations to reduce the air pollutants emitted from their diesel engines. Since the engine dynamometer test method used in emission regulations has limitations in reflecting emission characteristics under the diverse working conditions of construction machinery, it is necessary to examine the effectiveness of emission regulations and the validity of the emission factors applied as inputs to the air pollutants inventory. This could be done by evaluating engine operation and emission characteristics under real-world working conditions. In this study, 14 units were selected among the excavators, wheel loaders, and forklifts that represent approximately 90% of the registered construction machines in Korea. They were equipped with a portable emission measurement system (PEMS) to measure gaseous emissions and collect engine data under various real-world working conditions. With the reinforcement of emission regulations for the construction machinery from K-tier3 to K-tier4 in Korea, exhaust after-treatment technologies, such as selective catalytic reduction and diesel oxidation catalyst, were applied. Real world NOx were reduced by approximately 83%, and THC 77% and CO by 73%, respectively. Real world NOx + THC of the K-tier3 machines exceeded the laboratory emission limit, but the K-tier4 machines considerably improved despite some differences. The emission factors applied to the air pollutant inventory have been developed using the engine dynamometer test method, but they were considerably underestimated compared with emissions under real-world working conditions. The difference was even larger for the K-tier4 machines. In this study, the possibility of developing emission factor equations that use the engine load factor as a parameter was confirmed by using the engine work 1 g/kW·h segment moving averaging window (MAW) method.

show abstract

Developing On-Road NOx Emission Factors for Euro 6b Light-Duty Diesel Trucks in Korean Driving Conditions

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

A Fast Method for Estimating the Emission Factors of Air Pollutants from In-Use Vehicles Fleet

A Fast Method for Estimating the Emission Factors of Air Pollutants from In-Use Vehicles Fleet

Characteristics of Real-world Gaseous Emissions from Construction Machinery

Characteristics of Real-world Gaseous Emissions from Construction Machinery

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