Developing New Process for Selective Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Bauxite Residue Based on Functionalized Ionic Liquids

Davris, Panagiotis; Balomenos, Efthymios; Panias, Dimitrios; Paspaliaris, Ioannis

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-72284-9_20

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A good selectivity for rare earth metals, and, therefore, the dissolution of their oxides, was found against iron (haematite), aluminium, titanium (anatase, rutile) and silicon. Also scandium showed a minor solubility [127].…”

Section: Task-specific Ilsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Although numerous crystal structures of polymeric metalbetaine-aqua complexes were described [102,103], synchrotron techniques revealed a dissociation to the monomeric complexes in solution [114]. A large number of oxides of main and subgroup as well as lanthanide and actinide metals were dissolved in aqueous [Hbet][NTf2] [18,102,103,113,114,117,124,125], however, negligible dissolution was observed for not readily soluble, more covalent metal oxides, such as Al2O3 [102,126,127], Fe2O3 (haematite) [126,127], MnO2 [102], TiO2 (anatase-rutile) [127], cobalt oxides [102] and U3O8 [117]. Gupta, Chandrakumar et al showed that the addition of water as a solvent is not necessary in As an example for carboxyl-functionalised ILs, a lot of research has been performed using the IL [Hbet][NTf 2 ], first described by Binnemans et al [102].…”

Section: Task-specific Ilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Dissolution of Metal Oxides in Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents

Richter

Ruck

2019

Molecules

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Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have proven to be suitable solvents and reactants for low-temperature reactions. To date, several attempts were made to apply this promising class of materials to metal oxide chemistry, which, conventionally, is performed at high temperatures. This review gives an overview about the scientific approaches of the synthesis as well as the dissolution of metal oxides in ILs and DESs. A wide range of metal oxides along with numerous ILs and DESs are covered by this research. With ILs and DESs being involved, many metal oxide phases as well as different particle morphologies were obtained by means of relatively simple reactions paths. By the development of acidic task-specific ILs and DESs, even difficultly soluble metal oxides were dissolved and, hence, made accessible for downstream chemistry. Especially the role of ILs in these reactions is in the focus of discussion.

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Section: Task-specific Ilsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Task-specific Ilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Dissolution of Metal Oxides in Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents

Richter

Ruck

2019

Molecules

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“…Moreover, it is observed that with the two-stage process Sc is concentrated in the aqueous phase of the second stage reaching a concentration of 39 ppm which is 5 times higher than the one in the one stage stripping and 8 times higher than the one in the initial IL-PLS. This represents a significant overall improvement of the stripping test, when compared to our previously published results [ 11 ], where cumulative IL losses in the two-step stripping process where 17.5% and Sc concentration in the 2nd step strip solution was 26 ppm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…This IL is a weak Brønsted acidic IL due to the carboxyl group attached to its cation, [Hbet] + , that is known to coordinate with various metal ions [ 9 ]. Since its development from Nockemann et al in 2006 [ 10 ], [Hbet][Tf 2 N], has been extensively investigated in different metallurgical processes for dissolution and/or extraction of Sc, REEs [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], In [ 19 , 20 ], Th [ 20 ], uranyl species [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], Au [ 24 ] and PGMs [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utilizing Recyclable Task-Specific Ionic Liquid for Selective Leaching and Refining of Scandium from Bauxite Residue

2021

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Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted great interest in the field of extractive metallurgy mainly because they can be utilized in low temperature leaching processes where they exhibit selectivity and recyclability. A major drawback in mixed aqueous-IL systems, is IL dissolution in the aqueous phase, which leads to IL losses, increasing the overall processing cost. This study advances the method for recovering scandium (Sc) from bauxite residue (BR) using as leaching agent the IL betainium bistriflimide, [Hbet][Tf2N] mixed with water, which has been reported in previous publications. Ionic liquid leachate (IL-PLS) was prepared by leaching BR with a mixture of [Hbet][Tf2N]-H2O and subjected to different stripping experiments using hydrochloric acid. The advancement, presented in this work, is related with the optimization of the metal extraction (stripping) from the IL-PLS, where an aqueous solution with high Sc concentration and minimum metal impurities and minimum IL co-extraction is produced. It is further proven that the metal cation extraction is defined by the stoichiometry of the acidic solution and the dissolution (losses) of the IL in the aqueous phase can be minimized by adjusting the volume ratio and the acid concentration. A two-step stripping process described, achieves the selective increase of Sc concentration by 8 times in the aqueous solution, while maintaining cumulative IL losses to similar levels as the optimum 1 step non-Sc selective stripping process.

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Recovering of Rare Earth Elements From Unconventional Resources

Balomenos,

Davris,

Panias

et al. 2024

Special Publications

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Developing New Process for Selective Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Bauxite Residue Based on Functionalized Ionic Liquids

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Synthesis and Dissolution of Metal Oxides in Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents

Synthesis and Dissolution of Metal Oxides in Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents

Utilizing Recyclable Task-Specific Ionic Liquid for Selective Leaching and Refining of Scandium from Bauxite Residue

Recovering of Rare Earth Elements From Unconventional Resources

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