Developing guinea pig brain as a model for cortical folding

Hatakeyama, Jun; Sato, Haruka; Shimamura, Kenji

doi:10.1111/dgd.12371

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…An important finding regarding the role of Insm1 in promoting neurogenesis was that upon Isnm1 overexpression in embryonic mouse neocortex, about 40% of the BPs were bRGCs [ 73 , 74 ]. This is consistent with a possible role of Insm1 in the expansion of the neocortex, as bRGCs are the principal neuron-producing NPC type in species with an expanded neocortex [ 16 , 17 , 19 , 26 , 30 , 31 , 65 ].…”

Section: Transcriptional Programs That Regulate Neocortical Neurogsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Interestingly, the same Pax6 downstream targets (e.g., Ngn2 and Tbr2 ) negatively regulate Pax6 expression to drive neuronal differentiation [ 13 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. However, in contrast to the mouse, Pax6 expression is maintained in the BPs of species with an expanded neocortex [ 16 , 17 , 19 , 26 , 31 , 56 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ]. How BPs in gyrencephalic species are able to maintain Pax6 expression is not known.…”

Section: Transcriptional Programs That Regulate Neocortical Neurogmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptional Regulators and Human-Specific/Primate-Specific Genes in Neocortical Neurogenesis

Vaid

Huttner

2020

IJMS

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During development, starting from a pool of pluripotent stem cells, tissue-specific genetic programs help to shape and develop functional organs. To understand the development of an organ and its disorders, it is important to understand the spatio-temporal dynamics of the gene expression profiles that occur during its development. Modifications in existing genes, the de-novo appearance of new genes, or, occasionally, even the loss of genes, can greatly affect the gene expression profile of any given tissue and contribute to the evolution of organs or of parts of organs. The neocortex is evolutionarily the most recent part of the brain, it is unique to mammals, and is the seat of our higher cognitive abilities. Progenitors that give rise to this tissue undergo sequential waves of differentiation to produce the complete sets of neurons and glial cells that make up a functional neocortex. We will review herein our understanding of the transcriptional regulators that control the neural precursor cells (NPCs) during the generation of the most abundant class of neocortical neurons, the glutametergic neurons. In addition, we will discuss the roles of recently-identified human- and primate-specific genes in promoting neurogenesis, leading to neocortical expansion.

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Section: Transcriptional Programs That Regulate Neocortical Neurogsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Transcriptional Programs That Regulate Neocortical Neurogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Regulators and Human-Specific/Primate-Specific Genes in Neocortical Neurogenesis

Vaid

Huttner

2020

IJMS

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“…In the guinea pig neocortex, the number of Tbr2+ NPCs reaches minimum values, not before day 50 p.c., suggesting neurogenesis to end between day 40 and 50 p.c. (Figures 2F, 3D), which is slightly later when compared with a previous study (Hatakeyama et al, 2017). Extrapolation of the Tbr2+ NPCs abundance in the SVZ of both species revealed their minimum value to be generated around 30 p.c.…”

Section: Developmental Differences In Neurogenesis Between the Dwarf Rabbit And Guinea Pig Neocortexmentioning

confidence: 45%

Developmental Differences in Neocortex Neurogenesis and Maturation Between the Altricial Dwarf Rabbit and Precocial Guinea Pig

et al. 2021

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Mammals are born on a precocial–altricial continuum. Altricial species produce helpless neonates with closed distant organs incapable of locomotion, whereas precocial species give birth to well-developed young that possess sophisticated sensory and locomotor capabilities. Previous studies suggest that distinct patterns of cortex development differ between precocial and altricial species. This study compares patterns of neocortex neurogenesis and maturation in the precocial guinea pig and altricial dwarf rabbit, both belonging to the taxon of Glires. We show that the principal order of neurodevelopmental events is preserved in the neocortex of both species. Moreover, we show that neurogenesis starts at a later postconceptional day and takes longer in absolute gestational days in the precocial than the altricial neocortex. Intriguingly, our data indicate that the dwarf rabbit neocortex contains a higher abundance of highly proliferative basal progenitors than the guinea pig, which might underlie its higher encephalization quotient, demonstrating that the amount of neuron production is determined by complex regulation of multiple factors. Furthermore, we show that the guinea pig neocortex exhibits a higher maturation status at birth, thus providing evidence for the notions that precocial species might have acquired the morphological machinery required to attain their high functional state at birth and that brain expansion in the precocial newborn is mainly due to prenatally initiating processes of gliogenesis and neuron differentiation instead of increased neurogenesis. Together, this study reveals important insights into the timing and cellular differences that regulate mammalian brain growth and maturation and provides a better understanding of the evolution of mammalian altriciality and presociality.

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“…Hatakeyama et al . () introduce the guinea pig brain as a model system to study mechanisms and principles of cortical folding.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Noguchi et al (2017) studied Sema3A expression in embryos of Chinese soft-shelled turtle, chick, ocelot gecko and mouse, and indicated that Sema3A plays a crucial role for neurolal network formation. Hatakeyama et al (2017) introduce the guinea pig brain as a model system to study mechanisms and principles of cortical folding.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%