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Background Knowledge management plays a significant role in health care institutions. It consists of 4 processes: knowledge creation, knowledge capture, knowledge sharing, and knowledge application. The success of health care institutions relies on effective knowledge sharing among health care professionals, so the facilitators and barriers to knowledge sharing must be identified and understood. Medical imaging departments play a key role in cancer centers. Therefore, an understanding of the factors that affect knowledge sharing in medical imaging departments should be sought to increase patient outcomes and reduce medical errors. Objective The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the facilitators and barriers that affect knowledge-sharing behaviors in medical imaging departments and identify the differences between medical imaging departments in general hospitals and cancer centers. Methods We performed a systematic search in PubMed Central, EBSCOhost (CINAHL), Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Elsevier (Scopus), ProQuest, and Clarivate (Web of Science) in December 2021. Relevant articles were identified by examining the titles and abstracts. In total, 2 reviewers independently screened the full texts of relevant papers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies that investigated the facilitators and barriers that affect knowledge sharing. We used the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool to assess the quality of the included articles and narrative synthesis to report the results. Results A total of 49 articles were selected for the full in-depth analysis, and 38 (78%) studies were included in the final review, with 1 article added from other selected databases. There were 31 facilitators and 10 barriers identified that affected knowledge-sharing practices in medical imaging departments. These facilitators were divided according to their characteristics into 3 categories: individual, departmental, and technological facilitators. The barriers that hindered knowledge sharing were divided into 4 categories: financial, administrative, technological, and geographical barriers. Conclusions This review highlighted the factors that influenced knowledge-sharing practices in medical imaging departments in cancer centers and general hospitals. In terms of the facilitators and barriers to knowledge sharing, this study shows that these are the same in medical imaging departments, whether in general hospitals or cancer centers. Our findings can be used as guidelines for medical imaging departments to support knowledge-sharing frameworks and enhance knowledge sharing by understanding the facilitators and barriers.
BACKGROUND Knowledge management has a significant role in healthcare institutions. It consists of four process: knowledge creation, knowledge capture, knowledge sharing, and knowledge application. Knowledge sharing is an important process in the knowledge management cycle. The success of healthcare relies on knowledge sharing among employees. Although, knowledge sharing has a vital role in improving patient outcomes and reducing medical errors, it has several facilitators and barriers that control knowledge sharing behaviours. Medical imaging departments are essential in the healthcare sector. Therefore, it requires understanding of the factors that affect knowledge sharing in the medical imaging department in order to increase patient outcomes and reduce medical errors. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to identify the facilitators and barriers that affect knowledge sharing behaviours in medical imaging departments. METHODS This review followed PRISMA (2020) guidelines. We conducted a systematic search of the literature on the topic using six databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Ovid Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Searches were performed up to a maximum of 20 years. Relevant articles were identified by examining the titles and abstracts. There were two reviewers who screened the full text of relevant papers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods, and case studies with the aim of investigating the facilitators and barriers that affect knowledge sharing among employees in the medical imaging departments were included in this review. RESULTS A total of 52 articles were selected for the full in-depth analysis, and 42 studies were included in the final review with one article being added other selected databases. There were 31 facilitators and 10 barriers that affected knowledge sharing practices in medical imaging department. These facilitators were divided according to their characteristics into three categorises such as: individual, departmental, and technological facilitators. The barriers that affect knowledge sharing were divided into four categorises: financial, administrative, technological, and geographical barriers. CONCLUSIONS This study identified the factors that influenced the knowledge sharing practices in the medical imaging departments. Our findings can be used as guidelines in the medical imaging department to support the knowledge sharing framework and boost knowledge sharing behaviours in the medical imaging department. Moreover, these findings can be used to enhance knowledge sharing practices in the medical imaging departments by understanding the facilitators and barriers.
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