Developing electropositive citric acid–polyethylenimine carbon quantum dots with high biocompatibility and labeling performance for mesenchymal stem cells <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>

Jiang, Bo; Yang, Hui; Guo, Ying; Liu, Cong; Song, Hua; Panpan, Zhou; Zhang, Haiwei; Zhou, Kangxin; Guo, Yong; Chen, Hongwei

doi:10.1039/d1nj04990a

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Fluorescence measurements indicate the excitation/emission maxima at 350 nm/445 nm. These excitation/emission wavelengths align with other PEI-based CDs, and the fluorescent nature indicates these are amorphous/polymeric carbon dots …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Using ¹⁹F NMR to Investigate Cationic Carbon Dot Association with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

Lewis,

Huang,

White

et al. 2023

ACS Nanosci. Au

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There is much concern about per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) based on their environmental persistence and toxicity, resulting in an urgent need for remediation technologies. This study focused on determining if nanoscale polymeric carbon dots are a viable sorbent material for PFAS and developing fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 19 F NMR) methods to probe interactions between carbon dots and PFAS at the molecular scale. Positively charged carbon dots (PEI-CDs) were synthesized using branched polyethyleneimine to target anionic PFAS by promoting electrostatic interactions. PEI-CDs were exposed to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) to assess their potential as a PFAS sorbent material. After exposure to PFOA, the average size of the PEI-CDs increased (1.6 ± 0.5 to 7.8 ± 1.8 nm) and the surface charge decreased (+38.6 ± 1.1 to +26.4 ± 0.8 mV), both of which are consistent with contaminant sorption. 19 F NMR methods were developed to gain further insight into PEI-CD affinity toward PFAS without any complex sample preparation. Changes in PFOA peak intensity and chemical shift were monitored at various PEI-CD concentrations to establish binding curves and determine the chemical exchange regime. 19 F NMR spectral analysis indicates slow-intermediate chemical exchange between PFOA and CDs, demonstrating a high-affinity interaction. The α-fluorine had the greatest change in chemical shift and highest affinity, suggesting electrostatic interactions are the dominant sorption mechanism. PEI-CDs demonstrated affinity for a wide range of analytes when exposed to a mixture of 24-PFAS, with a slight preference toward perfluoroalkyl sulfonates. Overall, this study shows that PEI-CDs are an effective PFAS sorbent material and establishes 19 F NMR as a suitable method to screen for novel sorbent materials and elucidate interaction mechanisms.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Using ¹⁹F NMR to Investigate Cationic Carbon Dot Association with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

Lewis,

Huang,

White

et al. 2023

ACS Nanosci. Au

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“…The Rotomskis group showed the biocompatibility and uptake of carboxylated quantum dots in bone marrow-derived MSCs . The Chen group showed that the positively charged citric acid polyethylenimine CQDs were compatible for MSCs at a higher concentration of 800 μg/mL . Furthermore, the scientists demonstrated that the amount of L929 cells in the S phase was changed in the presence of GQDs, indicating that cell proliferation was boosted .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34 The Chen group showed that the positively charged citric acid polyethylenimine CQDs were compatible for MSCs at a higher concentration of 800 μg/mL. 35 Furthermore, the scientists demonstrated that the amount of L929 cells in the S phase was changed in the presence of GQDs, indicating that cell proliferation was boosted. 36 From the cytocompatibility study, we observed that 100 μg/mL concentration was not at all toxic for the cells and the readings were like for the untreated group.…”

Section: Cytocompatibility Assay Surface Marker and Stemnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic Carbon Quantum Dots as a Neoteric Inducer in the Game of Directing Chondrogenesis

Majood

Selvam

Agrawal

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The journey into the field of stem cell biology has been an endeavor of paramount advancement in biomedicine, establishing new horizons in the avenue of materiobiology. The creative drive of the scientific community focuses on ameliorating the utilization of stem cells, which is currently untapped on a large scale. With similar motivation, we present a nascent strategy of maneuvering biogenic carbon quantum dots (CQDs) to eclipse the toxic hurdles of chemical synthesis of carbon allotropes to serve as a biocompatible trident in stem cell biology employing a three-prong action of stem cell differentiation, imaging, and migration. The derivation of CQDs from garlic peels as a biogenic precursor abets in realizing the optophysical features of CQDs to image mesenchymal stem cells without hampering the biological systems with cytotoxicity. We report the versatility of biogenic CQDs to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to robustly influence stem cell migration and concomitantly chondrocyte differentiation from human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs). This was orchestrated without the use of chondrogenic induction factors, which was confirmed from the expression of chondrogenic markers (Col II, Col X, ACAN). Even the collagen content of cells incubated with CQDs was quite comparable with that of chondrocyte-induced cells. Thus, we empirically propose garlic peel-derived CQDs as a tangible advancement in stem cell biology from a materiobiological frame of reference to hone significant development in this arena.

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“…5b). 114 The precursors with different structures also affect the labeling efficiency of MSCs. Sun et al synthesized a series of polyethylene imine (PEI) based carbon quantum dots by mixing linear PEI with linear citric acid (CA with COOH groups, PEICA), linear glucose (G with OH groups, PEIG), cyclic hyaluronic acid (HA with COOH groups, PEIHA), and cyclic boron nitride (BN with OH groups, PEIBN) (Fig.…”

Section: Regulation Of Labeling Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dots as a new class of multifunctional nanomaterial in mesenchymal stem cells: opportunities and challenges

Zhang

2023

J. Mater. Chem. B

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Developing electropositive citric acid–polyethylenimine carbon quantum dots with high biocompatibility and labeling performance for mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo

Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely adopted to cure many types of diseases and how they migrate to the damaged tissues is still not clear. Thus, it is significant...

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Using ¹⁹F NMR to Investigate Cationic Carbon Dot Association with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

Using ¹⁹F NMR to Investigate Cationic Carbon Dot Association with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

Biogenic Carbon Quantum Dots as a Neoteric Inducer in the Game of Directing Chondrogenesis

Carbon dots as a new class of multifunctional nanomaterial in mesenchymal stem cells: opportunities and challenges

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Developing electropositive citric acid–polyethylenimine carbon quantum dots with high biocompatibility and labeling performance for mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo

Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely adopted to cure many types of diseases and how they migrate to the damaged tissues is still not clear. Thus, it is significant...

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Using 19F NMR to Investigate Cationic Carbon Dot Association with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

Using 19F NMR to Investigate Cationic Carbon Dot Association with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

Biogenic Carbon Quantum Dots as a Neoteric Inducer in the Game of Directing Chondrogenesis

Carbon dots as a new class of multifunctional nanomaterial in mesenchymal stem cells: opportunities and challenges

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Product

Resources

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Using ¹⁹F NMR to Investigate Cationic Carbon Dot Association with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

Using ¹⁹F NMR to Investigate Cationic Carbon Dot Association with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)