Developing dietary interventions as therapy for cancer

Taylor, Samuel; Falcone, John N.; Cantley, Lewis C.; Goncalves, Marcus D.

doi:10.1038/s41568-022-00485-y

Cited by 74 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 236 publications

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“…We have shown that this dietary intervention is also effective for pituitary NETs. It has been reported that a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet is safe and has no adverse effects in mice and can improve the effectiveness of some anticancer therapies 14 15 16 . Therefore, it would be of great interest in future studies to test combinations of a ketogenic diet with other anticancer therapies used for PanNETs and pituitary NETs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of some common cancers, such as breast and pancreatic cancers, have shown that hyperinsulinemia enhances tumor development in both humans and mice, while reduced insulin levels reduces tumor development 10 11 12 13 . Several preclinical studies in mice have shown that dietary interventions leading to low insulin levels in the blood can enhance anticancer therapy and improve the outcomes of several cancers 14 15 . It is of note that a diet that reduces the serum insulin levels, i.e., a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet, is safe and has no adverse effects in mice 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic intervention by low carbohydrate diet suppresses the onset and progression of neuroendocrine tumors

Chen¹,

Takahashi²,

Moro³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Insulin signaling often plays a role in the regulation of cancer including tumor initiation, progression, and response to treatment. In addition, the insulin-regulated PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway plays an important role in the regulation of islet cell proliferation and this pathway is hyperactivated in human nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). We therefore investigated the effect of a very low carbohydrate diet (ketogenic diet) on a mouse model that develops nonfunctional PanNETs to ask how reduced PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling might affect the development and progression of non-functional PanNET. We found that this dietary intervention resulted in lower PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling in islet cells and a significant reduction in PanNET formation and progression. We also found that this treatment had a significant effect on the suppression of pituitary NET development. Furthermore, we found that non-functional PanNET patients with lower blood glucose levels tend to have a better prognosis than patients with higher blood glucose levels. This preclinical study shows that a dietary intervention that results in lower serum insulin levels leads to lower insulin signal within the neuroendocrine cells and has a striking suppressive effect on the development and progression of both pancreatic and pituitary NETs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic intervention by low carbohydrate diet suppresses the onset and progression of neuroendocrine tumors

Chen¹,

Takahashi²,

Moro³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Tumor cells require nutrients and oxygen to grow and proliferate. Diet has been shown to play a role in tumor initiation and progression ( 90 , 91 ). As such, diet modification can restrict nutrient availability to the tumor microenvironment or alter the tumor's metabolic vulnerabilities.…”

Section: System Biology Benefits Of If and Trementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, timed feeding may be targeted for inhibiting tumor growth or as an adjuvant for anticancer drugs ( 92 ). Studies in preclinical models show that nutrients play a role in tumor initiation, progression, cancer metabolism and survival ( 90 , 93 , 94 ). Moreover, recent findings using IF, TRE and FMD suggest that dietary interventions may be utilized as adjuvants to cancer therapy ( 19 , 90 , 92 , 95 , 96 ).…”

Section: System Biology Benefits Of If and Trementioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittent fasting and time-restricted eating role in dietary interventions and precision nutrition

Soliman

2022

Front. Public Health

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Intermittent fasting (IF), time-restricted eating (TRE) and fasting-mimicking diets (FMD) are gaining popularity as weight loss programs. As such, the timing and frequency of meals have been recognized as essential contributors to improving cardiometabolic health and a role as adjuvant therapy in cancer. Randomized controlled trials suggested that the weight loss associated with IF is due to a reduced energy intake due to time restriction. Although the supervised TRE clinical trials documented the dietary caloric intake, many free-living studies focused on the timing of meals without a complete characterization of the dietary intake, caloric density, or macronutrient composition. It is possible that both caloric-restriction diets and time-restriction protocols could work synergistically or additively to improve metabolic health outcomes. Like personalized medicine, achieving precision nutrition mandates the provision of the right nutrients to the right patient at the right time. To accomplish this goal, future studies need to evaluate the benefits of IF and TRE. Randomized controlled trials were conducted in different populations, ethnic groups, ages, geographic distribution, physical activity levels, body composition and in patients with obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Also, it is crucial to analyze the dietary composition and caloric density as related to circadian rhythm and timing of meals. It is conceivable that IF and TRE may contribute to precision nutrition strategies to achieve optimal health. However, more research is needed to evaluate IF and TRE effects on health outcomes and any side effects.

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“…Nutrition represents a rather novel, promising, highly cost-effective intervention paradigm in oncology, not only because 30–50% of all cancer cases can be prevented with proper diet and lifestyle modifications [ 2 ], but also because diet may affect the risk of cancer recurrence [ 3 ] and even influence the course of clinically relevant, cancer-related [ 4 ] and treatment-related adverse events [ 5 ]. Among several nutritional approaches [ 6 ] with potential benefits in cancer patients, which include the use of hypocaloric, fasting-mimicking, ketogenic, low-fat diets, the adoption of the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) represents one of the most promising, easily applicable and widely investigated nutritional interventions [ 7 ]. The characteristics of the MedDiet include olive oil as the main source of fat; daily consumption of fresh fruits, nuts, non-refined cereals, vegetables, low-fat dairy products; low to moderate consumption of eggs, potatoes, ethanol (especially red wine) and poultry; and a low consumption of red meat [ 8 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet as a Supportive Intervention in Cancer Patients: Current Evidence and Future Directions

et al. 2022

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Developing dietary interventions as therapy for cancer

Cited by 74 publications

References 236 publications

Metabolic intervention by low carbohydrate diet suppresses the onset and progression of neuroendocrine tumors

Metabolic intervention by low carbohydrate diet suppresses the onset and progression of neuroendocrine tumors

Intermittent fasting and time-restricted eating role in dietary interventions and precision nutrition

Mediterranean Diet as a Supportive Intervention in Cancer Patients: Current Evidence and Future Directions

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