Developing Biofuel in the Teaching Laboratory: Ethanol from Various Sources

Epstein, Jessica; Vieira, Matthew; Aryal, Binod; Vera, Nicolas; Solis, Melissa

doi:10.1021/ed100260g

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These findings are in agreement with the works of Epstein et al [33] who reported a bioethanol yield of as low as 0.06% from apple and grape juice and Rabah et al [19] also reported bioethanol yield as low as 0.105% from groundnut shell.…”

Section: Bioethanol Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 93%

Sustainable Production of Bioethanol by Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae using Rice Husk and Groundnut Shell as Substrates

Na’Allah

Iliyasu

Haruna

et al. 2021

MRJI

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Background of Study: Plant waste such as rice husk and groundnut shell are generated in large amounts, these waste presents a tremendous pollution to the environment. Worldwide, these wastes are often simply dumped into landfills and oceans or used as animal feeds. The recovery of food processing wastes as renewable energy sources represents a sustainable option for the substitution of fossil energy in order to minimize environmental damages and to meet energy demands of the growing population. Aim: To produce bioethanol from rice husk and groundnut shell using local strains of Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Place and Duration of Study: Conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Bauchi state, Nigeria, between April to June, 2021. Methods: Groundnut shell and Rice husk were collected from local milling center. The wastes were powdered, sieved and used as carbon source. Proximate composition of the subsrate was done and the total carbohydrate was determined by difference. The sum of the percentage moisture, ash, crude lipid, crude protein and crude fibre was subtracted from 100. Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated from rotten sweet oranges and locally fermented beverage (‘kunun-zaki’) respectively by growing them on Malt Yeast Peptone Glucose Agar (MYPGA) after which they were further screened for their ability to tolerate ethanol and they serve as organisms for fermentation. The enzyme α- amylase was used for hydrolysis. The fermented substrates were distilled at 78oC and the distillate was collected as bioethanol in a conical flask. UV-VIS spectrophotometer was used to determine the absorbance of each concentration (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8cm3) of reducing sugar content of the hydrolysates and the bioethanol produced by developing a standard curve at a wavelength of 491nm and 588nm respectively. The concentration of reducing sugar and bioethanol was determined using a reference line from the Standard curve. Results: Proximate analysis done shows that rice husk have 70.09% carbohydrates while groundnut shell has 65.09% carbohydrates. Groundnut shell yielded the highest reducing sugar of 5.096%. Rice husk yielded the lowest quantity of reducing sugar with a total yield of 2.962%. Maximum concentration of bioethanol of 0.971% was produced from the combination of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zymomonas mobilis from groundnut shell. The lowest concentration of 0.121% of bioethanol was produced when Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used on rice husk hydrolysates. The synergistic relationship of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zymomonas mobilis yielded the maximum bioethanol when compared with the yield obtained when the organisms were used singly. Zymomonas mobilis produced highest bioethanol content when the organisms are used single. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potentiality of local strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zymomonas mobilis isolated from rotten sweet orange and locally fermented beverage (‘kunun-zaki’) to produce bioethanol by fermenting the rice husk and groundnut shell hydrolysates.

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Section: Bioethanol Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 93%

Sustainable Production of Bioethanol by Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae using Rice Husk and Groundnut Shell as Substrates

Na’Allah

Iliyasu

Haruna

et al. 2021

MRJI

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“…Ethanol induced water activity stress has been previously reported to exact stress on yeast metabolism and cell wall integrity (Hallsworth, 1998). These findings are in conformity with the work of Epstein et al [26] who reported an ethanol volume as low as 0.06 g/mL from apple and grape juices.…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

Biohydrolysis of Banana and Plantain Peels for the Production of Biofuel

Jumare

Magashi

Rabah

et al. 2019

JENRR

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This study was carried out to assess the potentials of banana and plantain peel as feedstock for biofuel production. Fungi were isolated from spoiled banana, burkutu and spoiled bread using the standard microbiological method. The concentration of reducing sugar of the peels were measured using DNS calorimetry method and biofuel were measured using chromium (VI) reagent by Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometer. Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Mucor racemusus were isolated. A reducing sugar concentration of 59.12 mg/g and 56.62 mg/g was observed for the banana and plantain peels. The highest concentration was found to be 0.35 mg/L for banana peels and 0.10 mg/L for plantain. The IR characterization of the banana and plantain sample revealed an intense strong broad band of alcohol O-H and alkane C-H stretching. The GC-MS result revealed the presence of benzaldehyde in all the biomass while 2,3-butanediol was only detected in the plantain peels biomass. This study showed the potential of banana and plantain peels biomass for biofuel production.

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“…Laboratory experiments further expanding fermentation to vegetables and even grass have also been described and are a source for course content that could be used as part of a “campus + in-country” model similar to those previously described. ,, Although those did not include laboratory experimentation as part of the campus component, the numerous experiments available allow for the design of a study abroad course that includes laboratory activities (on-campus or even in-country if collaboration with a foreign university was established).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermentation Chemistry: A Study Abroad Course

Carpenter

Beck

2020

J. Chem. Educ.

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Study abroad experiences, relatively rare in chemistry programs and encouraged by the American Chemical Society, are a way to advance the cultural competence of students. We describe a study abroad experience that includes an upper level chemistry course on fermentation. Many articles have described the integration of fermentation into lecture and lab classes, providing instructors with resources for course development. The described course demonstrates several novel features: a model for the development of a study abroad experience, a strategy for increasing student enrollment, and a mechanism to ensure student engagement with the fermentation content before and during the study abroad trip.

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Developing Biofuel in the Teaching Laboratory: Ethanol from Various Sources

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Sustainable Production of Bioethanol by Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae using Rice Husk and Groundnut Shell as Substrates

Sustainable Production of Bioethanol by Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae using Rice Husk and Groundnut Shell as Substrates

Biohydrolysis of Banana and Plantain Peels for the Production of Biofuel

Fermentation Chemistry: A Study Abroad Course

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