Developing and Validating a Scale to Assess Strategic Entrepreneurship Among Women: A Case of Jammu and Kashmir in India

Abstract

The combination of entrepreneurship and strategic management, called strategic entrepreneurship, is still in its infancy, as Hitt et al. proposed it in the year 2001. Since then researchers have continuously pushed their limits to explore it on different fronts and domains. But, so far, a mutual consent on what actually constitutes it has not been achieved. In developing nations like India, this concept presents huge opportunities for researchers to explore it on different dimensions and domains. Specifically talking about the state of Jammu and Kashmir ( J & K) where entrepreneurship was once considered to be a male-dominated field, this concept presents huge opportunities for researchers to fill in the gap. The aim of the present study is to develop and validate a scale which can be used to assess strategic entrepreneurship among women entrepreneurs of the state of J & K in India. The major takeaway of this study is that innovativeness, entrepreneurial culture, entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial mindset, strategic management of resources and networking significantly load on strategic entrepreneurship. The study proposes a significantly positive relationship between the various dimensions which means a positive variation in one dimension leads to a positive variation in another as well and vice versa. The study provides a scale which can be used for test–retest analysis for future studies on strategic entrepreneurship in the state. This study is of great help to the researchers who want to explore strategic perspective of entrepreneurship among women entrepreneurs.

Analysing the Barriers of Strategic Entrepreneurship: A DEMATEL Approach

“…SMEs' performance during the economic crisis was primarily examined in relation to their entrepreneurial attitude, innovation, strategic resource management, and competitive advantage. A framework was developed by Siddiqui and Jan [26] for the evaluation of SE in female-owned businesses in India. They found that innovativeness, networking, smart resource management, entrepreneurial culture and leadership, and entrepreneurial mindset all had an impact on SE.…”

Modelling of Barriers Towards the Adoption of Strategic Entrepreneurship: An Indian Context

“…The finding of Siadat and Naeiji (2019) demonstrated that these five dimensions had positive effects on knowledge-based firms' competitiveness. Siddiqui and Jan (2019) developed a framework to evaluate female entrepreneurship's strategic entrepreneurship in the Indian context. They found that innovativeness, entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial culture, strategic management of resources, entrepreneurial mindset, and networking are the most significant factors in supporting strategic entrepreneurship.…”

Necessity or Opportunity Driven: Gender Differentials and Structural Changes of Proprietorship in the Indian Unorganized Enterprises

“…There has been increasing attention among the researchers on women entrepreneurship in India since the economic liberalization and globalization. It is believed that the engendering of more women entrepreneurs can lead to economic growth in the country (Siddiqui & Jan, 2019). Female entrepreneurs are mostly found in the informal sector in India (Ghani, Kerr, & O’Connell, 2013a; Williams & Gurtoo, 2011).…”