“…To complete the detection process on a microfluidic chip with several square centimeters, there is no doubt that the requirements for detection methods and devices are more stringent, at least to meet the characteristics of small size, high sensitivity, and rapid response speed ( Lin et al, 2006 ; Manz et al, 1995 ; Thorsen et al, 2002 ; Whitesides, 2006 ). The detection technologies of microfluidic chips include laser-induced fluorescence detection ( Ryu et al, 2011 ), UV absorption spectrophotometry detection ( Petersen et al, 2002 ; Verpoorte, 2002 ), chemiluminescence detection ( Wu et al, 2016 ), electrochemical detection ( Kim et al, 2005 ; Vandaveer et al, 2004 ; Verpoorte, 2002 ), mass spectrometry detection ( Thorslund et al, 2005 ), plasma emission spectroscopy detection ( Jenkins et al, 2005 ), thermal lens spectroscopy detection ( Franko et al, 2016 ), and biosensor detection ( Azimi et al, 2021 ). Optical detection and electrochemical detection are currently the most widely used detection methods.…”