Abstract:Abstract-This paper describes a wind and solar power production model for Europe based on the numerical weather prediction model COSMO-EU. The COSMO-EU model has hourly time resolution and a spatial resolution of 7 km x 7 km for Europe. The model is validated against power production information from the system operators in Denmark, Germany and Spain. Mean Average Error (MAE) (hourly error averaged for a year) relative to the wind installed capacity is in the range 4.9% -5.9% for wind power production and 2.4%… Show more
“…The model is formulated as a mixed‐integer linear program and incorporates variability in wind, solar, hydro and load by sampling multiple, hourly time steps from full‐year profiles (Härtel, Kristiansen, & Korpås, ; Kristiansen, Härtel, & Korpås, ). Consequently, this sampling approach ensures that different power flow patterns are accounted for since time series are generated for unique geographical coordinates from numerical weather data (COSMO‐EU) (Graabak, Svendsen, & Korpås, ).…”
An increasing share of variable power feed‐in is expected in the next decades in the European power system, with a particularly high offshore wind potential in the North Sea region. This demands more temporal‐ and spatial flexibility in the system, an adequate grid infrastructure can provide both. This study presents an engineering‐economic approach evaluating the impact of novel infrastructure designs towards a fully integrated North Sea offshore grid, including TenneT’s vision of a power link island (PLI). A PLI is an artificial island for transnational power exchange and distribution of offshore wind resources. We introduce the concept and evaluate the economic benefits and system implications under three different case studies incorporating 2030 scenarios from European Network of Transmission System Operators. The results demonstrate system cost savings up to 15.8% when comparing a fully integrated PLI solution with traditional, radial typologies. The PLI did in general result in more efficient system dispatch of wind resources, where the involvement from Norway, Great Britain, and Germany occurred most frequently in terms of grid reinforcements and expansions.
This article is categorized under:
Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Infrastructure > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Systems Economics > Systems and Infrastructure
“…The model is formulated as a mixed‐integer linear program and incorporates variability in wind, solar, hydro and load by sampling multiple, hourly time steps from full‐year profiles (Härtel, Kristiansen, & Korpås, ; Kristiansen, Härtel, & Korpås, ). Consequently, this sampling approach ensures that different power flow patterns are accounted for since time series are generated for unique geographical coordinates from numerical weather data (COSMO‐EU) (Graabak, Svendsen, & Korpås, ).…”
An increasing share of variable power feed‐in is expected in the next decades in the European power system, with a particularly high offshore wind potential in the North Sea region. This demands more temporal‐ and spatial flexibility in the system, an adequate grid infrastructure can provide both. This study presents an engineering‐economic approach evaluating the impact of novel infrastructure designs towards a fully integrated North Sea offshore grid, including TenneT’s vision of a power link island (PLI). A PLI is an artificial island for transnational power exchange and distribution of offshore wind resources. We introduce the concept and evaluate the economic benefits and system implications under three different case studies incorporating 2030 scenarios from European Network of Transmission System Operators. The results demonstrate system cost savings up to 15.8% when comparing a fully integrated PLI solution with traditional, radial typologies. The PLI did in general result in more efficient system dispatch of wind resources, where the involvement from Norway, Great Britain, and Germany occurred most frequently in terms of grid reinforcements and expansions.
This article is categorized under:
Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Infrastructure > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Systems Economics > Systems and Infrastructure
“…That model provides hourly wind and solar resources for the years 2011 -2015 with a spatial resolution of 7 km x 7 km for the whole Europe [6]. Reference [7] describes the COSMO model, calculation of wind and PV power production and validation of the calculations by comparison with real production data from Transmission System Operators. Based on the same methodology as described in [7], this paper calculates wind power and PV power productions hour by hour by using COMSO weather data and capacities from the eHighway project.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Reference [7] describes the COSMO model, calculation of wind and PV power production and validation of the calculations by comparison with real production data from Transmission System Operators. Based on the same methodology as described in [7], this paper calculates wind power and PV power productions hour by hour by using COMSO weather data and capacities from the eHighway project. The hourly resulting time series with high spatial resolution are aggregated to national level.…”
Abstract-The future European power system will include large shares of variable wind and solar resources. This paper analyses the variability for the eHighway2050 scenarios (from the EU 7 th Framework project) by modelling wind and solar resources from the COSMO-EU model. It quantifies the variability for the countries in West Central Europe, separate for each country, and integrated assuming there is no transmission limitations. The analysis results show that integration of systems by grids will have a smoothing effect on the variability. However, main challenges with periodically very low output will remain. The paper quantifies need for balancing taking present and future load profiles into consideration. The paper shows that many aggregated small-scale batteries only will have a limited effect on the need for balancing beyond a few hours. Finally, the paper discusses how the large reservoirs in the Norwegian hydropower system may serve to the balancing needs.Index Terms-Energy storage, power system planning, solar energy, wind energy.
BACKGROUND
“…Linear interpolation has been applied in order to obtain hourly time series at the selected points. Wind speed time series correspond to the height of 45 m above the sea surface and since wind turbines' hub height are typically higher (around 100 m); adjustment factors based on [15] are used in wind power time series calculation. It is apparent from the histogram that wind data can be well fit into the Weibull probability distribution function.…”
This paper considers the evolution of independent offshore HVDC links into a multi-terminal network. It proposes a control strategy to maximize the DC voltage stability under the worst-case perturbation scenario and considers the intermittent nature of the power injection from connected wind farms. A decentralized linear feedback controller achieving the minimization of the DC voltage oscillations, while ensuring control input constraints (i.e. reference currents) compliance, is proposed. The motivation of this framework is to include the DC voltage stability maximization under the worst-case perturbation as an additional decision criterion in a multi-objective optimization for HVDC network expansion decision. The other criteria can include for instance, length or cost of a line or the power losses along the line. To evaluate the applicability of the proposed method, placement of a new HVDC link between two independent VSC-based point-to-point HVDC grids located in the North Sea is assessed, using real wind data for a 4-terminal test grid.
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