Developing a virtual prototype of a rack and pinion steering system

Kamble, Naresh; Saha, Subir Kumar

doi:10.1504/ijvsmt.2007.011426

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In order to prevent these undesirable phenomena, a yoke spring is introduced in the rack and pinion gear. A plunger is placed on the yoke spring and against the rack gear while a yokenut is placed under the yoke spring [17]. The compressive force of the yoke spring is controlled by tightening the yokenut, and by this compressive force, the backlash of the rack and pinion gear can be prevented.…”

Section: Rack and Pinion Gear Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steering Pull Model and Its Sensitivity Analysis

Kim

Shin

2020

Applied Sciences

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When a vehicle goes on the straight road with a bank angle, a steering pull makes the driver exert a constant steering torque to the steering wheel, which causes an annoying steering feel to the driver. This paper proposes a steering pull model and sensitivity analysis on the steering pull. In order to develop the steering pull model, pulling forces on the tires, such as plysteer and conicity forces, lateral force due to slip angle, lifting forces due to cast and kingpin, and camber force are modeled. A steering system is also modeled because the generated pulling forces are attenuated as it is transmitted through the steering system. Each component of the steering system, such as lower body linkages, rack and pinion gear, universal joint, and steering column with electric power steering (EPS) system is modeled, and then they are integrated into a complete steering system. Finally, the steering pull model is developed by integrating the pulling force model with the steering system model. For verification, the steering pull of a vehicle is estimated based on the model, and the results are compared with the experimental results. For the verification experiments, a steering pull measurement system using a global positioning system (GPS) and its accessories are used. The result comparison showed that the developed steering pull model provides very accurate estimation results. Based on the steering pull model, the sensitivity of steering pull factors, such as caster angle, kingpin angle, camber angle, rack friction force, and anti-rattle spring (ARS) stiffness is analyzed.

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Section: Rack and Pinion Gear Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When a vehicle goes on the road with a bank angle, the force acting on the tires is shown Figure 7. However, as mentioned in Chapter 2 and 3, there are several forces that hinder the tires from turning and therefore, Equation ( 1) is modified and the tire turning force can be represented as Equation (17).…”

Section: Integration Of Acting Forces On Tiresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steering Pull Model and Its Sensitivity Analysis

Kim

Shin

2020

Applied Sciences

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“…The magnitude of force variation thus obtained is validated with the design calculations and the result of this research says; the dynamic force magnitudes obtained and found in Adams are closely matching. Kamble and Saha (2007) [4], developed virtual prototype model of rack and pinion gear steering system with incorporated manufacturing error. They used ADAMS software for simulation.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Analysis and Optimization of Process Parameters in Turning Operation by Using Adams Software

Namdeo¹

2016

International Journal of Design and Manufacturing Technology

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Metal turning process is a widely used process in Metal removal operations for reducing the diameter of workpiece. The force obtained in these operations are investigated experimentally and analytically with the help of numerical and optimization methods. Since, these machining operations have a complex structure; it is quite difficult to solve them analytically. Experimental method is also both costly and time consuming. However, this complex structure can be solved and analyze easily by using CAD based dynamic analysis software like ADAMs. This paper consist a software approach for dynamic analysis and optimization of process parameter in turning operation. The process of turning is influenced by many parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut; which are difficult to analyze analytically and experimentally; can be easily identified by using simulation tools on ADAMs. This Paper work contains a three dimensional dynamic modeling of turning process and simulation of model, to identify the effect of process parameter on various forces like Cutting force, Feed Force and Radial force and also to optimize the parameters for minimum cutting force. The magnitude of force variation thus obtained is further validated with the experimental results. The dynamic force magnitudes obtained experimentally and obtained in ADAMs are closely matching. This proves that the accuracy of the developed 3D model, dynamic analysis software and analytical model.

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“…Hence, a yoke nut is fixed to the vehicle frame while the plunger rests against the rack with a yoke spring between the yoke nut and plunger. 23 The position of the yoke nut determines the yoke clearance and the compressive force of the yoke spring; therefore it has an influence on the backlash. However, friction is also generated on the contact surface of the rack and the plunger.…”

Section: Rack-and-pinion Gearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a steering-system model considering viscous friction and its verification

Shin

Kim

Cho

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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A method to model the column-type electric power steering system considering viscous friction is proposed. In general column-type electric power steering systems, viscous friction occurs in the reducer. However, it is very difficult to predict with respect to modelling because it varies with the conditions, and accordingly many parameters should be considered. In this study, in order to estimate the dynamic behaviour of a column-type electric power steering system which uses a worm gear as a reducer, the viscous friction generated in the worm gear was derived through theoretical approaches, and the results were applied to modelling the steering system. In the theoretical approaches, the gear geometry and Hertz’s law were employed to derive parameters such as the normal load and the sliding velocity from the worm gear’s driving conditions. Then, the derived parameters were applied to a tribometer to measure the friction coefficients between the worm and the worm wheel. Finally, the friction coefficients were converted to the viscous friction torque of the steering system. By applying the converted viscous friction torque to the modelling, the entire steering system was modelled and the results were verified by comparative simulations and experiments. To model the entire steering system, the individual subparts of the steering system such as the steering column, the universal joint and the rack-and-pinion gear were modelled with MATLAB/Simulink. Then, for verification of the steering-system model, the dynamic behaviour of the steering system was measured experimentally and compared with the simulation results. Taking into account viscous friction and all the mechanical characteristics of the steering system, the established steering-system model which considers viscous friction was employed to estimate very accurately the dynamic behaviour of the steering system, whereas use of the steering-system model which does not consider viscous friction did not achieve accurate estimations.

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Developing a virtual prototype of a rack and pinion steering system

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Steering Pull Model and Its Sensitivity Analysis

Steering Pull Model and Its Sensitivity Analysis

Dynamic Analysis and Optimization of Process Parameters in Turning Operation by Using Adams Software

Development of a steering-system model considering viscous friction and its verification

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