Developing a ‘thick skin’: a paradoxical role for mechanical tension in maintaining epidermal integrity?

Galletti, Roberta; Verger, Stéphane; Hamant, Olivier; Ingram, Gwyneth

doi:10.1242/dev.132837

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Epidermal cells divide almost exclusively along an anticlinal plane (Poethig, 1984;Galletti et al, 2016), even though soapfilm predictions indicate that periclinal divisions are possible, suggesting that molecular or mechanical mechanisms inhibit periclinal divisions in the epidermis. Epidermal cell fate is specified early, and multiple gene regulatory networks uniquely define and specify the epidermal cell layer (Takada and Iida, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Division Planes of Three-Dimensional Cells by Soap-Film Minimization

et al. 2018

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One key aspect of cell division in multicellular organisms is the orientation of the division plane. Proper division plane establishment contributes to normal plant body organization. To determine the importance of cell geometry in division plane orientation, we designed a three-dimensional probabilistic mathematical model to directly test the century-old hypothesis that cell divisions mimic soap-film minima. According to this hypothesis, daughter cells have equal volume and the division plane occurs where the surface area is at a minimum. We compared predicted division planes to a plant microtubule array that marks the division site, the preprophase band (PPB). PPB location typically matched one of the predicted divisions. Predicted divisions offset from the PPB occurred when a neighboring cell wall or PPB was directly adjacent to the predicted division site to avoid creating a potentially structurally unfavorable four-way junction. By comparing divisions of differently shaped plant cells (maize [Zea mays] epidermal cells and developing ligule cells and Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells) and animal cells (Caenorhabditis elegans embryonic cells) to divisions simulated in silico, we demonstrate the generality of this model to accurately predict in vivo division. This powerful model can be used to separate the contribution of geometry from mechanical stresses or developmental regulation in predicting division plane orientation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Division Planes of Three-Dimensional Cells by Soap-Film Minimization

et al. 2018

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“…Consistent with this scenario, and with a role for DEK1 in maintaining epidermal integrity, overexpression of the CALPAIN domain of DEK1 leads to thickening of the outer epidermal cell wall in leaves, and increased deposition of pectins 36 , which are important for cell adhesion (reviewed in ref. 37 ). The epidermis is thought to be under tension during much of plant growth 38 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mechanosensitive Ca2+ channel activity is dependent on the developmental regulator DEK1

Tran¹,

Galletti²,

Neumann³

et al. 2017

Nat Commun

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Responses of cells to mechanical stress are thought to be critical in coordinating growth and development. Consistent with this idea, mechanically activated channels play important roles in animal development. For example, the PIEZO1 channel controls cell division and epithelial-layer integrity and is necessary for vascular development in mammals. In plants, the actual contribution of mechanoperception to development remains questionable because very few putative mechanosensors have been identified and the phenotypes of the corresponding mutants are rather mild. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis Defective Kernel 1 (DEK1) protein, which is essential for development beyond early embryogenesis, is associated with a mechanically activated Ca2+ current in planta, suggesting that perception of mechanical stress plays a critical role in plant development.

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“…Epidermal cells divide almost exclusively along an anticlinal plane (Poethig, 1984;Galletti et al, 2016), even though soap-film predictions indicate that periclinal divisions are possible, suggesting that molecular or mechanical mechanisms inhibit periclinal divisions in the epidermis. Epidermal cell fate is specified early, and multiple gene regulatory networks uniquely define and specify the epidermal cell layer (Takada and Iida, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting division planes of three-dimensional cells by soap-film minimization

Martínez

Allsman

Brakke

et al. 2017

Preprint

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One key aspect of cell division in multicellular organisms is the orientation of the division plane. Proper division plane establishment contributes to normal organization of the plant body. To determine the importance of cell geometry in division plane orientation, we designed a threedimensional probabilistic mathematical modeling approach to directly test the century-old hypothesis that cell divisions mimic “soap-film minima” or that daughter cells have equal volume and the resulting division plane is a local surface area minimum. Predicted division planes were compared to a plant microtubule array that marks the division site, the preprophase band (PPB). PPB location typically matched one of the predicted divisions. Predicted divisions offset from the PPB occurred when a neighboring cell wall or PPB was observed directly adjacent to the predicted division site, to avoid creating a potentially structurally unfavorable four-way junction. By comparing divisions of differently shaped plant and animal cells to divisions simulated in silico, we demonstrate the generality of this model to accurately predict in vivo division. This powerful model can be used to separate the contribution of geometry from mechanical stresses or developmental regulation in predicting division plane orientation.

show abstract

Developing a ‘thick skin’: a paradoxical role for mechanical tension in maintaining epidermal integrity?

Cited by 30 publications

References 135 publications

Predicting Division Planes of Three-Dimensional Cells by Soap-Film Minimization

Predicting Division Planes of Three-Dimensional Cells by Soap-Film Minimization

A mechanosensitive Ca2+ channel activity is dependent on the developmental regulator DEK1

Predicting division planes of three-dimensional cells by soap-film minimization

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