Developing a Reliability Index of Low Impact Development for Urban Areas

Abstract

A defining characteristic of the urbanization is the transformation of existing pervious areas into impervious areas during development. This leads to numerous hydrologic and environmental problems such as an increase in surface runoff due to excess rainfall, flooding, the deterioration of water quality, and an increase in nonpoint source pollution. Several studies propose supplementary measures on environmental change problems in development areas using the low impact development technique. This study investigated the reduction of nonpoint source pollutant loads and flooding in catchments through urban catchment rainfall–runoff management. For the quantitative assessment of flood disasters and water pollution problems, we propose a reliability evaluation technique. This technique refers to a series of analysis methods that determine the disaster prevention performance of the existing systems. As the two factors involve physical quantities of different dimensions, a reliability evaluation technique was developed using the distance measure method. Using the storm water management model, multiple scenarios based on synthetic rainfall in the catchment of the Daerim 2 rainwater pumping station in Seoul, South Korea, were examined. Our results indicate the need for efficient management of natural disaster risks that may occur in urban catchments. Moreover, this study can be used as a primary reference for setting a significant reduction target and facilitating accurate decision making concerning urban drainage system management.

Urban stormwater management for sustainable and resilient measures and practices: a review

“…Although there are various reviews on the subject (Belinda et al 2006;Chouli 2006;Dietz 2007;Roy et al 2008;Gabe et al 2009;Fletcher et al 2013;Hamel et al 2013;Zhou 2014;Ellis & Lundy 2016;Sörensen et al 2016;Ahammed 2017;Palazzo 2018;Mishra et al 2020), the present review is novel in considering various aspects for urban stormwater management to value-add prevailing measures and practices to have more sustainable and resilient. The aspects related to urban stormwater management such as Low Impact Development (LID), Best Management Practices (BMP), Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS/SuDS) and Sponge City Programme (SCP) are reviewed with regard to knowledge gaps and future research needs which brings novelty to the present review in covering all the existing measures and practices of urban stormwater management and further proposing the application of real time governance and reuse options enhances the present review to the next level in the review of the urban stormwater management.…”

“…Also, assessment of performance of LID techniques had been carried. Evaluation of performance of existing systems for flood disasters using distance measure method may be carried (Song et al 2020). Also, appraisal of LID performance for stormwater control can be done using SWMM with an interdisciplinary criterion (Zhang et al 2020a(Zhang et al , 2020b.…”

“…Urban resilience is an adaptive process for the society to learn in an unremitting manner to manage with varying socioeconomic situations, land use of urban and climate change (Sörensen et al 2016). A framework method which combines high level targets with quantifiable indicators needs to be adapted for efficient urban stormwater management (Gabe et al 2009).…”

“…More-informed decision making is necessary to attain sustainable urban environmental management by recognizing the thresholds (Li et al 2016). Urban flood risk management sets targets to assess and decrease flood risk and to prepare to respond and recover after real floods and with the intention of keeping disturbances, disruptions to minimum and developing resilient urban water management system (Sörensen et al 2016).…”

“…Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (Fryd et al 2010;Zhou 2014;Ellis & Lundy 2016;Lim & Lu 2016;Casal-Campos et al 2018;Arahuetes and Cantos 2019;Altobelli et al 2020;Kändler et al 2020;Lin et al 2020;Kwon et al 2020;Hager et al 2021), Low Impact Development and Best Management Practices (Strecker et al 2001;Dietz 2007;Motsinger et al 2016;Mani et al 2019;Nowogonśki 2020;Men et al 2020;Song et al 2020;Zhang et al 2020aZhang et al , 2020bKhurelbaatar et al 2021), Water Sensitive Urban Design (Lariyah et al 2011;Beecham & Razzaghmanesh 2015;Siekmann & Siekmann 2015;Marino et al 2018;Ahmed et al 2019) and Sponge City Programmes (Wang et al 2018) are some of the stormwater management schemes which are being adopted in different countries.…”