Developing a New Bursting Liability Index Based on Energy Evolution for Coal under Different Loading Rates

Khan, Naseer Muhammad; Ahmad, Maqsood; Cao, Kewang; Ali, Imtiaz; Liu, Wei; Rehman, Hamood Ur; Hussain, Sajjad; Rehman, Faheem Ur; Ahmed, Tufail

doi:10.3390/su14031572

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A nonlinear elastic constitutive relationship is used in this constitutive model. This approximation will obscure the actual damage behavior of materials with irreversible deformation characteristics and can be used in the context of determining and explaining the mechanism of brittle material damage [80]; microcrack propagation, initiation, and nucleation cause a coal's material failure over time due to mesolocal tensile strains [81]. We believe that this damage model will be quite useful in engineering practice if it can be applied to damage analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Damage Model for Predicting Coal Failure Stresses by Utilizing Acoustic Emission

Ali

Wang

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Overburden collapse and water inrush in mines are primarily caused by rock fractures. Mining safety can be enhanced by monitoring and identifying early signs of coal failure in the mines. This article collected acoustic emission data synchronously throughout a series of uniaxial compression (UC) experiments on natural and water-saturated coal. The influence mechanisms of water, mechanical properties, and acoustic emission signals on the stress–strain curve and the SEM results of water-saturated and dry samples are investigated. As a result, the mechanical properties of coal are not only weakened by water saturation, such as elastic modulus, strain, stress, and compressive strength but also reduced acoustic emissions. In comparison with saturated coal, natural coal has a uniaxial stress of 13.55 MPa and an elastic modulus of 1.245 GPa, while saturated coal has a stress of 8.21 MPa and an elastic modulus of 0.813 GPa. Intergranular fractures are more likely to occur in coal with a high water content, whereas transgranular fractures are less likely to occur in coal with a high water content. An innovative and unique statistical model of coal damage under uniaxial loading has been developed by analyzing the acoustic emission data. Since this technique takes into account the compaction stage, models based on this technique were found to be superior to those based on lognormal or Weibull distributions. A correlation coefficient of greater than 0.956 exists between the piecewise constitutive model and the experimental curve. Statistical damage constitutive models for coal are compatible with this model. Additionally, the model can precisely forecast the stress associated with both natural and saturated coal and can be useful in the prevention of rock-coal disasters in water conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Damage Model for Predicting Coal Failure Stresses by Utilizing Acoustic Emission

Ali

Wang

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…A persistently high de cit may result in a surplus of a country's currency in the foreign exchange market, reducing the currency's value. This is one of the reasons why the Pakistani rupee (PKR) has plummeted (N. M. Khan et al, 2022). To overcome all the issue Pakistan request to IMF bailout package and, additionally, brow from other countries like China, Saudi Arabia and USA.…”

Section: Overview Of Pakistan Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering the Impact of Sustainable Development Goals on Economic Boost-trip; a case from Pakistan’s Economy

Sohail

Ullah

Sohag

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This research study examines the impact of sustainable development goals indexes like education, infrastructure, foreign direct investment (FDI), and green energy transitions on economic growth. We used three decades annual time series data for the above indexes from period 1990 to 2020. We use the principal components analysis and vector error correction model (VECM) econometric techniques to investigate the statistical significancy of above employed indexes to study the effect both in long and short term. More especially, to examine the short-term effect of SDGs we used the NARDL approach to study the real-time effect. Considering the long-term coefficients on the economy of the country, the results primarily reveal that the education, foreign direct investment, and infrastructure is playing a significant positive role in the economic growth of Pakistan. Similarly, in short-term the foreign direct investment, infrastructure, and green energy transition coefficients are significant positive related to sustainable development goals. However, the education found as unsubstantial as cotribitive as other variables. The granger causality test is employed to estimate the causal association between the selected parameters. The estimated outcomes find the unidirectional causality from education and green energy transition towards economic growth, and education is found with in relation to infrastructure. Additionally, bidirectional causal relationship is found between FDI and infrastructure towards economic growth which shows that the increase in foreign investment have the potential to boost the economic growth. Finally, all the examined indexes are considered as important sources towards the economic growth.JEL classifications: F43; Q01; C23; N35

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“…Meng et al [ 10 ] used the MTS815 rock mechanics test system to carry out triaxial cyclic loading and unloading tests on limestone with different surrounding rocks, and studied the strength, dilatancy deformation and damage mechanical properties of rock during cyclic loading and unloading. In addition, many scholars conducted detailed research on the damage and failure of coal and rock mass during cyclic loading and unloading from the perspectives of plastic deformation [ 11 , 12 ], energy dissipation [ 13 , 14 ] and acoustic emission characteristics [ 15 , 16 ] of coal and rock mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Mechanical and Damage Evolution Characteristics of Coal during True Triaxial Cyclic Loading and Unloading

et al. 2023

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Research on the mechanical properties and damage evolution of coal during true triaxial cyclic loading and unloading is of great significance for maintaining the long-term safety and stability of underground engineering structures in coal mines. In this paper, firstly, the deformation, strength and fracturing characteristics of coal during true triaxial loading and true triaxial cyclic loading and unloading were analyzed. Then, the residual strain characteristics, energy distribution and evolution of coal were systematically studied. Additionally, the damage evolution laws of coal during cyclic loading and unloading were quantitatively analyzed from the perspectives of residual strain and energy dissipation, respectively. The damage evolution law based on residual strain showed that when the intermediate principal stress was high, the damage to coal was directional. With the increase in cyclic load, the coal damage variables in the directions of σ1 and σ3 increased exponentially, while that in the direction of σ2 increased quadratically. The damage evolution law based on energy dissipation showed that the coal damage variable increased exponentially with the increase in cyclic load. With the increase in σ2, the increasing speed of coal damage variable decreased first and then increased. The damage variables established based on residual strain and energy dissipation can both reveal the damage deterioration mechanism of coal during true triaxial cyclic loading and unloading, which is of great theoretical and engineering significance for scientifically evaluating the stability of underground coal and rock engineering and preventing the occurrence of major geological disasters.

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Developing a New Bursting Liability Index Based on Energy Evolution for Coal under Different Loading Rates

Cited by 22 publications

References 54 publications

Analytical Damage Model for Predicting Coal Failure Stresses by Utilizing Acoustic Emission

Analytical Damage Model for Predicting Coal Failure Stresses by Utilizing Acoustic Emission

Considering the Impact of Sustainable Development Goals on Economic Boost-trip; a case from Pakistan’s Economy

Experimental Study on Mechanical and Damage Evolution Characteristics of Coal during True Triaxial Cyclic Loading and Unloading

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