Developing a New Beta‐Type of Ti–Si/Sn Alloys for Targeted Orthopedic Therapeutics: Assessments of Biological Characteristics

Abstract

Titanium (Ti) alloys are widely used in tissue engineering, but their applications are limited by low strength, bactericidal properties, and metal ion release. Beta Ti alloys are promising materials for load‐bearing orthopedic implants due to their excellent corrosion resistance and high biocompatibility. Herein, developed new beta‐Ti alloys including Ti–Nb–Zr–Sn (Ti–Sn) and Ti–Nb–Zr–Ta–Si (Ti–Si) to improve structural and biochemical features of the existing Ti alloys as orthopedic implants. The new Ti–Sn and Ti–Si alloys were fabricated using mechanical ball milling and spark plasma sintering techniques respectively and compared with commercially pure Ti alloys on hydrophilicity, surface characteristics and cytotoxicity, proliferative and osteogenic differentiation effects as well as biocompatibility in human bone osteosarcoma cell line (MG63). The new beta Ti alloys showed no significant differences in proliferation and cytotoxicity on the MG63 cells. Both Ti–Sn and Ti–Si alloys, compared to the commercial pure Ti, improved the biological profile and upregulated the expressions of runt‐related transcription factor 2, osterix, and collagen mRNA levels in the MG63 cells. The Ti–Si alloy showed greater cell proliferation and osteoblastic protein expression and a better biological profile compared to the Ti and Ti–Sn alloys. The novel beta Ti alloys exhibited promising potentials in orthopedic applications.

Computational design of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant titanium alloys for orthopedic implants

“…One approach to improving the stability of the resultant alloy that this study does not look at is the final finish of the material as well as manufacturing techniques to obtain the best result. For corrosion resistance, we only consider the oxide scale formed by the alloy, however methods such as ceramic coating and/or mechanical polishing have been shown to work in conjunction with the oxide scale to further improve corrosion resistance [64][65][66]. More advanced manufacturing practices such as a sputtering process can alter the oxide scale to obtain a more favorable phase ratio [67].…”

Twinning–Detwinning Deformation Mechanism in Ti–15Mo Alloy and Its Effect on the Microstructure Evolution and Yield Strength

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Ti alloys were widely used in aerospace, energy, and biomedical industries thanks to their high strength-to-density ratio, good fatigue performance, and excellent corrosion resistance. [1][2][3][4] Among them, metastable β-Ti alloys have gained increasing attention in recent years because of their variety of deformation modes. [5][6][7][8] It has been reported that the stability of the β phase was a function of chemical composition, which strongly influenced the deformation modes.

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