Developing a Medical Achievement Reading Test to Evaluate Patient Literacy Skills: A Preliminary Study

Hanson-Divers, E. Christine

doi:10.1353/hpu.2010.0304

Cited by 47 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Both the REALM and the revised versions, demonstrate high correlations with earlier commonly used tools, such as SORT-R (0.96 p < .001), the Peabody Individual Achievement Test-Revised (PIAT-R) PIAT-R (0.97, p < .001), as well as WRAT-R (0.88, p < .001) [4,20,22,26] . In addition, the REALM demonstrates face validity in measuring patient's level of health literacy and can be undertaken in public health clinics [4,18] .…”

Section: Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…the health literacy screening questions [1] , The Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA) [19] , Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) [16,18,[20][21][22] , The Medical Achievement Reading Test (MART) [23] , the Newest Vital Sign (NVS) [24] , a single item health literacy screening question [25] , the Slosson Oral Reading Test (SORT) [26,27] , and the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT) [28,29] .…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tools were considered for inclusion based on three criteria: tools using word recognition procedures, tools taking a maximum of five minutes administration time and tools with demonstrated concurrent validity (correlation between the levels identified by the comparison instruments) with other well validated tools [22,26] . Word recognition tests are more acceptable as individuals who have difficulty in reading will most likely have difficulty comprehending written information [5] .…”

Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…initially tested in African American and Caucasian populations [20] . Being the most common method used in the health care context, the REALM is time efficient, and contains only health words [4,22] . This tool has been revised many times thereby producing different versions such as the REALM-R in Bass III et al [16] , a new version of REALM (REALMTeen) [22] , and REALM short form (REALM-SF) [20] .…”

Section: Rapid Estimate Of Adult Literacy In Medicine (Realm-sf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring health literacy in emergency departments

Alqudah

Johnson

Cowin

et al. 2013

JNEP

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Background: Literacy and health literacy are important concepts that are related to how important health care messages are understood by patients. Emergency nurses are engaged in health promotion and require an understanding of the patient's health literacy. To assist emergency nurses in assessing a patient's level of health literacy a series of valid and reliable health literacy measurement tools have been presented. The aim of this paper is to nominate one of these tools to be used by emergency nurses in testing individual and group levels of health literacy. Methods:Databases searched included Scopus, Science direct, PubMed, PsycINFO and Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC). Included articles were published between 1990 and 2011, English language only, and articles that discussed word recognition tools and tools that take five minutes or less to administer resulting in sixteen articles. Results:The Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine-Short Format (REALM-SF) has been used successfully within an emergency setting to identify patients' level of health literacy and to supply appropriate health information. This tool was found by nursing staff to be easily administered, and more acceptable when used in private areas. However, further research within varying age groups is recommended. Conclusion:Most of the available tools are related to each other and have the ability to measure varying levels of health literacy. The REALM-SF is a simple quick approach to measuring health literacy in busy clinical settings. Emergency nurses require training in administering these tests in a non-threatening and accurate manner.

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Section: Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rapid Estimate Of Adult Literacy In Medicine (Realm-sf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring health literacy in emergency departments

Alqudah

Johnson

Cowin

et al. 2013

JNEP

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“…The rationale for this is 2-fold: (1) direct measures of individual health literacy 33,34,35,36,37 are logistically complex to administer within population health surveys, and (2) predictive models of health literacy 32,38,39,40 are typically validated in elderly and/or clinical/administrative populations. As the sociodemographic factors predicting health literacy potentially differ with the age and source of the population 32,40 , predictive models may not be representative of working-age people who may face barriers to attending GP.…”

Section: Rheumatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication Vulnerabilities in Working-age Australians with Musculoskeletal Conditions: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Lowe

Taylor²,

Hill³

2015

J Rheumatol

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Objective.To estimate the prevalence of communication vulnerability (CV) and its association with various health measures among working-age Australians with musculoskeletal conditions (MSK). The various vulnerability characteristics may lead to inadequate communication between consumers and healthcare professionals.Methods.Prevalence of CV among 18–64 year olds, with or without MSK, was analyzed using the Australian Bureau of Statistics’ National Health Survey 2007–08 data. Associations between CV and measures of health complexity (accumulating multimorbidity and risk factors) and health burden (poorer self-rated health, psychological distress, and pain restricting work) in the MSK population were estimated using logistic regression. Further analyses were conducted for each vulnerability characteristic to determine the degree of association (crude and adjusted) with measures of interest.Results.CV were more prevalent in working-age Australians with MSK (65%) than those without (51%). Adjusted for age and sex among working-age Australians with at least 1 MSK, those with 1 or more CV were more likely to have multimorbidity [adjusted OR (aOR) = 1.8, 95% CI 1.5–2.2], lifestyle risk factors (aOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.5–2.8), poorer self-rated health (aOR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.7–4.2), greater psychological distress (aOR = 2.9, 95% CI 2.3–3.7), and pain restricting employment (aOR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.4–2.1) compared with those without CV.Conclusion.For working-age people, there is an association between MSK and CV. For those with MSK, CV were associated with increased likelihood of health complexity and burden. These findings have policy and clinical relevance. Research is needed to determine whether interventions that address these specific CV characteristics reduce the burden of disease within these populations.

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Why Literacy Matters

Lee¹

1999

Arch Ophthalmol

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he ability to understand verbal and written materials is central to modern life. Yet, the US Department of Education estimated that 47% of all adult Americans in 1993 had poor reading and comprehension skills. 1 Analyses of the readability of patient education materials, discharge instructions, and consent forms throughout many specialties within medicine have found almost uniformly that these materials are written at too complex a level for many or most patients. 2-10 For example, a study of the patient ophthalmic education materials of the American Academy of Ophthalmology by Ebrahimzadeh et al 2 found large amounts of the material exceeded the reading abilities of much of the American adult population. Yet, this is only one small part of understanding the effects of literacy and reading abilities on our patient's health and their use of our increasingly complex health care system.

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Developing a Medical Achievement Reading Test to Evaluate Patient Literacy Skills: A Preliminary Study

Cited by 47 publications

References 10 publications

Measuring health literacy in emergency departments

Measuring health literacy in emergency departments

Communication Vulnerabilities in Working-age Australians with Musculoskeletal Conditions: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Why Literacy Matters

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